Browse Source

Remove `TieredSmt` (#277)

km/mkdocs-impl
Philippe Laferrière 1 year ago
committed by Bobbin Threadbare
parent
commit
552d90429b
10 changed files with 19 additions and 2748 deletions
  1. +1
    -1
      README.md
  2. +17
    -35
      src/main.rs
  3. +0
    -3
      src/merkle/mod.rs
  4. +1
    -11
      src/merkle/store/mod.rs
  5. +0
    -48
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/error.rs
  6. +0
    -509
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/mod.rs
  7. +0
    -419
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/nodes.rs
  8. +0
    -170
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/proof.rs
  9. +0
    -968
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/tests.rs
  10. +0
    -584
      src/merkle/tiered_smt/values.rs

+ 1
- 1
README.md

@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ For performance benchmarks of these hash functions and their comparison to other
* `PartialMerkleTree`: a partial view of a Merkle tree where some sub-trees may not be known. This is similar to a collection of Merkle paths all resolving to the same root. The length of the paths can be at most 64.
* `PartialMmr`: a partial view of a Merkle mountain range structure.
* `SimpleSmt`: a Sparse Merkle Tree (with no compaction), mapping 64-bit keys to 4-element values.
* `TieredSmt`: a Sparse Merkle tree (with compaction), mapping 4-element keys to 4-element values.
* `Smt`: a Sparse Merkle tree (with compaction at depth 64), mapping 4-element keys to 4-element values.
The module also contains additional supporting components such as `NodeIndex`, `MerklePath`, and `MerkleError` to assist with tree indexation, opening proofs, and reporting inconsistent arguments/state.

+ 17
- 35
src/main.rs

@ -1,19 +1,14 @@
use clap::Parser;
use miden_crypto::{
hash::rpo::{Rpo256, RpoDigest},
merkle::{MerkleError, TieredSmt},
merkle::{MerkleError, Smt},
Felt, Word, ONE,
};
use rand_utils::rand_value;
use std::time::Instant;
#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
#[clap(
name = "Benchmark",
about = "Tiered SMT benchmark",
version,
rename_all = "kebab-case"
)]
#[clap(name = "Benchmark", about = "SMT benchmark", version, rename_all = "kebab-case")]
pub struct BenchmarkCmd {
/// Size of the tree
#[clap(short = 's', long = "size")]
@ -21,11 +16,11 @@ pub struct BenchmarkCmd {
}
fn main() {
benchmark_tsmt();
benchmark_smt();
}
/// Run a benchmark for the Tiered SMT.
pub fn benchmark_tsmt() {
/// Run a benchmark for [`Smt`].
pub fn benchmark_smt() {
let args = BenchmarkCmd::parse();
let tree_size = args.size;
@ -42,38 +37,25 @@ pub fn benchmark_tsmt() {
proof_generation(&mut tree, tree_size).unwrap();
}
/// Runs the construction benchmark for the Tiered SMT, returning the constructed tree.
pub fn construction(entries: Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>, size: u64) -> Result<TieredSmt, MerkleError> {
/// Runs the construction benchmark for [`Smt`], returning the constructed tree.
pub fn construction(entries: Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>, size: u64) -> Result<Smt, MerkleError> {
println!("Running a construction benchmark:");
let now = Instant::now();
let tree = TieredSmt::with_entries(entries)?;
let tree = Smt::with_entries(entries)?;
let elapsed = now.elapsed();
println!(
"Constructed a TSMT with {} key-value pairs in {:.3} seconds",
"Constructed a SMT with {} key-value pairs in {:.3} seconds",
size,
elapsed.as_secs_f32(),
);
// Count how many nodes end up at each tier
let mut nodes_num_16_32_48 = (0, 0, 0);
tree.upper_leaf_nodes().for_each(|(index, _)| match index.depth() {
16 => nodes_num_16_32_48.0 += 1,
32 => nodes_num_16_32_48.1 += 1,
48 => nodes_num_16_32_48.2 += 1,
_ => unreachable!(),
});
println!("Number of nodes on depth 16: {}", nodes_num_16_32_48.0);
println!("Number of nodes on depth 32: {}", nodes_num_16_32_48.1);
println!("Number of nodes on depth 48: {}", nodes_num_16_32_48.2);
println!("Number of nodes on depth 64: {}\n", tree.bottom_leaves().count());
println!("Number of leaf nodes: {}\n", tree.leaves().count());
Ok(tree)
}
/// Runs the insertion benchmark for the Tiered SMT.
pub fn insertion(tree: &mut TieredSmt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
/// Runs the insertion benchmark for the [`Smt`].
pub fn insertion(tree: &mut Smt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
println!("Running an insertion benchmark:");
let mut insertion_times = Vec::new();
@ -89,7 +71,7 @@ pub fn insertion(tree: &mut TieredSmt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
}
println!(
"An average insertion time measured by 20 inserts into a TSMT with {} key-value pairs is {:.3} milliseconds\n",
"An average insertion time measured by 20 inserts into a SMT with {} key-value pairs is {:.3} milliseconds\n",
size,
// calculate the average by dividing by 20 and convert to milliseconds by multiplying by
// 1000. As a result, we can only multiply by 50
@ -99,8 +81,8 @@ pub fn insertion(tree: &mut TieredSmt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
Ok(())
}
/// Runs the proof generation benchmark for the Tiered SMT.
pub fn proof_generation(tree: &mut TieredSmt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
/// Runs the proof generation benchmark for the [`Smt`].
pub fn proof_generation(tree: &mut Smt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
println!("Running a proof generation benchmark:");
let mut insertion_times = Vec::new();
@ -111,13 +93,13 @@ pub fn proof_generation(tree: &mut TieredSmt, size: u64) -> Result<(), MerkleErr
tree.insert(test_key, test_value);
let now = Instant::now();
let _proof = tree.prove(test_key);
let _proof = tree.open(&test_key);
let elapsed = now.elapsed();
insertion_times.push(elapsed.as_secs_f32());
}
println!(
"An average proving time measured by 20 value proofs in a TSMT with {} key-value pairs in {:.3} microseconds",
"An average proving time measured by 20 value proofs in a SMT with {} key-value pairs in {:.3} microseconds",
size,
// calculate the average by dividing by 20 and convert to microseconds by multiplying by
// 1000000. As a result, we can only multiply by 50000

+ 0
- 3
src/merkle/mod.rs

@ -27,9 +27,6 @@ pub use smt::{
SMT_MAX_DEPTH, SMT_MIN_DEPTH,
};
mod tiered_smt;
pub use tiered_smt::{TieredSmt, TieredSmtProof, TieredSmtProofError};
mod mmr;
pub use mmr::{InOrderIndex, Mmr, MmrDelta, MmrError, MmrPeaks, MmrProof, PartialMmr};

+ 1
- 11
src/merkle/store/mod.rs

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
use super::{
mmr::Mmr, BTreeMap, EmptySubtreeRoots, InnerNodeInfo, KvMap, MerkleError, MerklePath,
MerkleTree, NodeIndex, PartialMerkleTree, RecordingMap, RootPath, Rpo256, RpoDigest, SimpleSmt,
Smt, TieredSmt, ValuePath, Vec,
Smt, ValuePath, Vec,
};
use crate::utils::{ByteReader, ByteWriter, Deserializable, DeserializationError, Serializable};
use core::borrow::Borrow;
@ -361,9 +361,6 @@ impl> MerkleStore {
// if the node is not in the store assume it is a leaf
} else {
// assert that if we have a leaf that is not at the max depth then it must be
// at the depth of one of the tiers of an TSMT.
debug_assert!(TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS[..3].contains(&index.depth()));
return Some((index, node_hash));
}
}
@ -511,13 +508,6 @@ impl> From<&Mmr> for MerkleStore {
}
}
impl<T: KvMap<RpoDigest, StoreNode>> From<&TieredSmt> for MerkleStore<T> {
fn from(value: &TieredSmt) -> Self {
let nodes = combine_nodes_with_empty_hashes(value.inner_nodes()).collect();
Self { nodes }
}
}
impl<T: KvMap<RpoDigest, StoreNode>> From<&PartialMerkleTree> for MerkleStore<T> {
fn from(value: &PartialMerkleTree) -> Self {
let nodes = combine_nodes_with_empty_hashes(value.inner_nodes()).collect();

+ 0
- 48
src/merkle/tiered_smt/error.rs

@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
use core::fmt::Display;
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum TieredSmtProofError {
EntriesEmpty,
EmptyValueNotAllowed,
MismatchedPrefixes(u64, u64),
MultipleEntriesOutsideLastTier,
NotATierPath(u8),
PathTooLong,
}
impl Display for TieredSmtProofError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
match self {
TieredSmtProofError::EntriesEmpty => {
write!(f, "Missing entries for tiered sparse merkle tree proof")
}
TieredSmtProofError::EmptyValueNotAllowed => {
write!(
f,
"The empty value [0, 0, 0, 0] is not allowed inside a tiered sparse merkle tree"
)
}
TieredSmtProofError::MismatchedPrefixes(first, second) => {
write!(f, "Not all leaves have the same prefix. First {first} second {second}")
}
TieredSmtProofError::MultipleEntriesOutsideLastTier => {
write!(f, "Multiple entries are only allowed for the last tier (depth 64)")
}
TieredSmtProofError::NotATierPath(got) => {
write!(
f,
"Path length does not correspond to a tier. Got {got} Expected one of 16, 32, 48, 64"
)
}
TieredSmtProofError::PathTooLong => {
write!(
f,
"Path longer than maximum depth of 64 for tiered sparse merkle tree proof"
)
}
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for TieredSmtProofError {}

+ 0
- 509
src/merkle/tiered_smt/mod.rs

@ -1,509 +0,0 @@
use super::{
BTreeMap, BTreeSet, EmptySubtreeRoots, InnerNodeInfo, MerkleError, MerklePath, NodeIndex,
Rpo256, RpoDigest, StarkField, Vec, Word,
};
use crate::utils::vec;
use core::{cmp, ops::Deref};
mod nodes;
use nodes::NodeStore;
mod values;
use values::ValueStore;
mod proof;
pub use proof::TieredSmtProof;
mod error;
pub use error::TieredSmtProofError;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;
// TIERED SPARSE MERKLE TREE
// ================================================================================================
/// Tiered (compacted) Sparse Merkle tree mapping 256-bit keys to 256-bit values. Both keys and
/// values are represented by 4 field elements.
///
/// Leaves in the tree can exist only on specific depths called "tiers". These depths are: 16, 32,
/// 48, and 64. Initially, when a tree is empty, it is equivalent to an empty Sparse Merkle tree
/// of depth 64 (i.e., leaves at depth 64 are set to [ZERO; 4]). As non-empty values are inserted
/// into the tree they are added to the first available tier.
///
/// For example, when the first key-value pair is inserted, it will be stored in a node at depth
/// 16 such that the 16 most significant bits of the key determine the position of the node at
/// depth 16. If another value with a key sharing the same 16-bit prefix is inserted, both values
/// move into the next tier (depth 32). This process is repeated until values end up at the bottom
/// tier (depth 64). If multiple values have keys with a common 64-bit prefix, such key-value pairs
/// are stored in a sorted list at the bottom tier.
///
/// To differentiate between internal and leaf nodes, node values are computed as follows:
/// - Internal nodes: hash(left_child, right_child).
/// - Leaf node at depths 16, 32, or 64: hash(key, value, domain=depth).
/// - Leaf node at depth 64: hash([key_0, value_0, ..., key_n, value_n], domain=64).
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize))]
pub struct TieredSmt {
root: RpoDigest,
nodes: NodeStore,
values: ValueStore,
}
impl TieredSmt {
// CONSTANTS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// The number of levels between tiers.
pub const TIER_SIZE: u8 = 16;
/// Depths at which leaves can exist in a tiered SMT.
pub const TIER_DEPTHS: [u8; 4] = [16, 32, 48, 64];
/// Maximum node depth. This is also the bottom tier of the tree.
pub const MAX_DEPTH: u8 = 64;
/// Value of an empty leaf.
pub const EMPTY_VALUE: Word = super::EMPTY_WORD;
// CONSTRUCTORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a new [TieredSmt] instantiated with the specified key-value pairs.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if the provided entries contain multiple values for the same key.
pub fn with_entries<R, I>(entries: R) -> Result<Self, MerkleError>
where
R: IntoIterator<IntoIter = I>,
I: Iterator<Item = (RpoDigest, Word)> + ExactSizeIterator,
{
// create an empty tree
let mut tree = Self::default();
// append leaves to the tree returning an error if a duplicate entry for the same key
// is found
let mut empty_entries = BTreeSet::new();
for (key, value) in entries {
let old_value = tree.insert(key, value);
if old_value != Self::EMPTY_VALUE || empty_entries.contains(&key) {
return Err(MerkleError::DuplicateValuesForKey(key));
}
// if we've processed an empty entry, add the key to the set of empty entry keys, and
// if this key was already in the set, return an error
if value == Self::EMPTY_VALUE && !empty_entries.insert(key) {
return Err(MerkleError::DuplicateValuesForKey(key));
}
}
Ok(tree)
}
// PUBLIC ACCESSORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns the root of this Merkle tree.
pub const fn root(&self) -> RpoDigest {
self.root
}
/// Returns a node at the specified index.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if:
/// - The specified index depth is 0 or greater than 64.
/// - The node with the specified index does not exists in the Merkle tree. This is possible
/// when a leaf node with the same index prefix exists at a tier higher than the requested
/// node.
pub fn get_node(&self, index: NodeIndex) -> Result<RpoDigest, MerkleError> {
self.nodes.get_node(index)
}
/// Returns a Merkle path from the node at the specified index to the root.
///
/// The node itself is not included in the path.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if:
/// - The specified index depth is 0 or greater than 64.
/// - The node with the specified index does not exists in the Merkle tree. This is possible
/// when a leaf node with the same index prefix exists at a tier higher than the node to
/// which the path is requested.
pub fn get_path(&self, index: NodeIndex) -> Result<MerklePath, MerkleError> {
self.nodes.get_path(index)
}
/// Returns the value associated with the specified key.
///
/// If nothing was inserted into this tree for the specified key, [ZERO; 4] is returned.
pub fn get_value(&self, key: RpoDigest) -> Word {
match self.values.get(&key) {
Some(value) => *value,
None => Self::EMPTY_VALUE,
}
}
/// Returns a proof for a key-value pair defined by the specified key.
///
/// The proof can be used to attest membership of this key-value pair in a Tiered Sparse Merkle
/// Tree defined by the same root as this tree.
pub fn prove(&self, key: RpoDigest) -> TieredSmtProof {
let (path, index, leaf_exists) = self.nodes.get_proof(&key);
let entries = if index.depth() == Self::MAX_DEPTH {
match self.values.get_all(index.value()) {
Some(entries) => entries,
None => vec![(key, Self::EMPTY_VALUE)],
}
} else if leaf_exists {
let entry =
self.values.get_first(index_to_prefix(&index)).expect("leaf entry not found");
debug_assert_eq!(entry.0, key);
vec![*entry]
} else {
vec![(key, Self::EMPTY_VALUE)]
};
TieredSmtProof::new(path, entries).expect("Bug detected, TSMT produced invalid proof")
}
// STATE MUTATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Inserts the provided value into the tree under the specified key and returns the value
/// previously stored under this key.
///
/// If the value for the specified key was not previously set, [ZERO; 4] is returned.
pub fn insert(&mut self, key: RpoDigest, value: Word) -> Word {
// if an empty value is being inserted, remove the leaf node to make it look as if the
// value was never inserted
if value == Self::EMPTY_VALUE {
return self.remove_leaf_node(key);
}
// insert the value into the value store, and if the key was already in the store, update
// it with the new value
if let Some(old_value) = self.values.insert(key, value) {
if old_value != value {
// if the new value is different from the old value, determine the location of
// the leaf node for this key, build the node, and update the root
let (index, leaf_exists) = self.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key);
debug_assert!(leaf_exists);
let node = self.build_leaf_node(index, key, value);
self.root = self.nodes.update_leaf_node(index, node);
}
return old_value;
};
// determine the location for the leaf node; this index could have 3 different meanings:
// - it points to a root of an empty subtree or an empty node at depth 64; in this case,
// we can replace the node with the value node immediately.
// - it points to an existing leaf at the bottom tier (i.e., depth = 64); in this case,
// we need to process update the bottom leaf.
// - it points to an existing leaf node for a different key with the same prefix (same
// key case was handled above); in this case, we need to move the leaf to a lower tier
let (index, leaf_exists) = self.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key);
self.root = if leaf_exists && index.depth() == Self::MAX_DEPTH {
// returned index points to a leaf at the bottom tier
let node = self.build_leaf_node(index, key, value);
self.nodes.update_leaf_node(index, node)
} else if leaf_exists {
// returned index points to a leaf for a different key with the same prefix
// get the key-value pair for the key with the same prefix; since the key-value
// pair has already been inserted into the value store, we need to filter it out
// when looking for the other key-value pair
let (other_key, other_value) = self
.values
.get_first_filtered(index_to_prefix(&index), &key)
.expect("other key-value pair not found");
// determine how far down the tree should we move the leaves
let common_prefix_len = get_common_prefix_tier_depth(&key, other_key);
let depth = cmp::min(common_prefix_len + Self::TIER_SIZE, Self::MAX_DEPTH);
// compute node locations for new and existing key-value paris
let new_index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(&key, depth);
let other_index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(other_key, depth);
// compute node values for the new and existing key-value pairs
let new_node = self.build_leaf_node(new_index, key, value);
let other_node = self.build_leaf_node(other_index, *other_key, *other_value);
// replace the leaf located at index with a subtree containing nodes for new and
// existing key-value paris
self.nodes.replace_leaf_with_subtree(
index,
[(new_index, new_node), (other_index, other_node)],
)
} else {
// returned index points to an empty subtree or an empty leaf at the bottom tier
let node = self.build_leaf_node(index, key, value);
self.nodes.insert_leaf_node(index, node)
};
Self::EMPTY_VALUE
}
// ITERATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns an iterator over all key-value pairs in this [TieredSmt].
pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(RpoDigest, Word)> {
self.values.iter()
}
/// Returns an iterator over all inner nodes of this [TieredSmt] (i.e., nodes not at depths 16
/// 32, 48, or 64).
///
/// The iterator order is unspecified.
pub fn inner_nodes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = InnerNodeInfo> + '_ {
self.nodes.inner_nodes()
}
/// Returns an iterator over upper leaves (i.e., depth = 16, 32, or 48) for this [TieredSmt]
/// where each yielded item is a (node, key, value) tuple.
///
/// The iterator order is unspecified.
pub fn upper_leaves(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (RpoDigest, RpoDigest, Word)> + '_ {
self.nodes.upper_leaves().map(|(index, node)| {
let key_prefix = index_to_prefix(index);
let (key, value) = self.values.get_first(key_prefix).expect("upper leaf not found");
debug_assert_eq!(*index, LeafNodeIndex::from_key(key, index.depth()).into());
(*node, *key, *value)
})
}
/// Returns an iterator over upper leaves (i.e., depth = 16, 32, or 48) for this [TieredSmt]
/// where each yielded item is a (node_index, value) tuple.
pub fn upper_leaf_nodes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&NodeIndex, &RpoDigest)> {
self.nodes.upper_leaves()
}
/// Returns an iterator over bottom leaves (i.e., depth = 64) of this [TieredSmt].
///
/// Each yielded item consists of the hash of the leaf and its contents, where contents is
/// a vector containing key-value pairs of entries storied in this leaf.
///
/// The iterator order is unspecified.
pub fn bottom_leaves(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (RpoDigest, Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>)> + '_ {
self.nodes.bottom_leaves().map(|(&prefix, node)| {
let values = self.values.get_all(prefix).expect("bottom leaf not found");
(*node, values)
})
}
// HELPER METHODS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Removes the node holding the key-value pair for the specified key from this tree, and
/// returns the value associated with the specified key.
///
/// If no value was associated with the specified key, [ZERO; 4] is returned.
fn remove_leaf_node(&mut self, key: RpoDigest) -> Word {
// remove the key-value pair from the value store; if no value was associated with the
// specified key, return.
let old_value = match self.values.remove(&key) {
Some(old_value) => old_value,
None => return Self::EMPTY_VALUE,
};
// determine the location of the leaf holding the key-value pair to be removed
let (index, leaf_exists) = self.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key);
debug_assert!(leaf_exists);
// if the leaf is at the bottom tier and after removing the key-value pair from it, the
// leaf is still not empty, we either just update it, or move it up to a higher tier (if
// the leaf doesn't have siblings at lower tiers)
if index.depth() == Self::MAX_DEPTH {
if let Some(entries) = self.values.get_all(index.value()) {
// if there is only one key-value pair left at the bottom leaf, and it can be
// moved up to a higher tier, truncate the branch and return
if entries.len() == 1 {
let new_depth = self.nodes.get_last_single_child_parent_depth(index.value());
if new_depth != Self::MAX_DEPTH {
let node = hash_upper_leaf(entries[0].0, entries[0].1, new_depth);
self.root = self.nodes.truncate_branch(index.value(), new_depth, node);
return old_value;
}
}
// otherwise just recompute the leaf hash and update the leaf node
let node = hash_bottom_leaf(&entries);
self.root = self.nodes.update_leaf_node(index, node);
return old_value;
};
}
// if the removed key-value pair has a lone sibling at the current tier with a root at
// higher tier, we need to move the sibling to a higher tier
if let Some((sib_key, sib_val, new_sib_index)) = self.values.get_lone_sibling(index) {
// determine the current index of the sibling node
let sib_index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(sib_key, index.depth());
debug_assert!(sib_index.depth() > new_sib_index.depth());
// compute node value for the new location of the sibling leaf and replace the subtree
// with this leaf node
let node = self.build_leaf_node(new_sib_index, *sib_key, *sib_val);
let new_sib_depth = new_sib_index.depth();
self.root = self.nodes.replace_subtree_with_leaf(index, sib_index, new_sib_depth, node);
} else {
// if the removed key-value pair did not have a sibling at the current tier with a
// root at higher tiers, just clear the leaf node
self.root = self.nodes.clear_leaf_node(index);
}
old_value
}
/// Builds and returns a leaf node value for the node located as the specified index.
///
/// This method assumes that the key-value pair for the node has already been inserted into
/// the value store, however, for depths 16, 32, and 48, the node is computed directly from
/// the passed-in values (for depth 64, the value store is queried to get all the key-value
/// pairs located at the specified index).
fn build_leaf_node(&self, index: LeafNodeIndex, key: RpoDigest, value: Word) -> RpoDigest {
let depth = index.depth();
// insert the key into index-key map and compute the new value of the node
if index.depth() == Self::MAX_DEPTH {
// for the bottom tier, we add the key-value pair to the existing leaf, or create a
// new leaf with this key-value pair
let values = self.values.get_all(index.value()).unwrap();
hash_bottom_leaf(&values)
} else {
debug_assert_eq!(self.values.get_first(index_to_prefix(&index)), Some(&(key, value)));
hash_upper_leaf(key, value, depth)
}
}
}
impl Default for TieredSmt {
fn default() -> Self {
let root = EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(Self::MAX_DEPTH)[0];
Self {
root,
nodes: NodeStore::new(root),
values: ValueStore::default(),
}
}
}
// LEAF NODE INDEX
// ================================================================================================
/// A wrapper around [NodeIndex] to provide type-safe references to nodes at depths 16, 32, 48, and
/// 64.
#[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub struct LeafNodeIndex(NodeIndex);
impl LeafNodeIndex {
/// Returns a new [LeafNodeIndex] instantiated from the provided [NodeIndex].
///
/// In debug mode, panics if index depth is not 16, 32, 48, or 64.
pub fn new(index: NodeIndex) -> Self {
// check if the depth is 16, 32, 48, or 64; this works because for a valid depth,
// depth - 16, can be 0, 16, 32, or 48 - i.e., the value is either 0 or any of the 4th
// or 5th bits are set. We can test for this by computing a bitwise AND with a value
// which has all but the 4th and 5th bits set (which is !48).
debug_assert_eq!(((index.depth() - 16) & !48), 0, "invalid tier depth {}", index.depth());
Self(index)
}
/// Returns a new [LeafNodeIndex] instantiated from the specified key inserted at the specified
/// depth.
///
/// The value for the key is computed by taking n most significant bits from the most significant
/// element of the key, where n is the specified depth.
pub fn from_key(key: &RpoDigest, depth: u8) -> Self {
let mse = get_key_prefix(key);
Self::new(NodeIndex::new_unchecked(depth, mse >> (TieredSmt::MAX_DEPTH - depth)))
}
/// Returns a new [LeafNodeIndex] instantiated for testing purposes.
#[cfg(test)]
pub fn make(depth: u8, value: u64) -> Self {
Self::new(NodeIndex::make(depth, value))
}
/// Traverses towards the root until the specified depth is reached.
///
/// The new depth must be a valid tier depth - i.e., 16, 32, 48, or 64.
pub fn move_up_to(&mut self, depth: u8) {
debug_assert_eq!(((depth - 16) & !48), 0, "invalid tier depth: {depth}");
self.0.move_up_to(depth);
}
}
impl Deref for LeafNodeIndex {
type Target = NodeIndex;
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
impl From<NodeIndex> for LeafNodeIndex {
fn from(value: NodeIndex) -> Self {
Self::new(value)
}
}
impl From<LeafNodeIndex> for NodeIndex {
fn from(value: LeafNodeIndex) -> Self {
value.0
}
}
// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================================================================================================
/// Returns the value representing the 64 most significant bits of the specified key.
fn get_key_prefix(key: &RpoDigest) -> u64 {
Word::from(key)[3].as_int()
}
/// Returns the index value shifted to be in the most significant bit positions of the returned
/// u64 value.
fn index_to_prefix(index: &NodeIndex) -> u64 {
index.value() << (TieredSmt::MAX_DEPTH - index.depth())
}
/// Returns tiered common prefix length between the most significant elements of the provided keys.
///
/// Specifically:
/// - returns 64 if the most significant elements are equal.
/// - returns 48 if the common prefix is between 48 and 63 bits.
/// - returns 32 if the common prefix is between 32 and 47 bits.
/// - returns 16 if the common prefix is between 16 and 31 bits.
/// - returns 0 if the common prefix is fewer than 16 bits.
fn get_common_prefix_tier_depth(key1: &RpoDigest, key2: &RpoDigest) -> u8 {
let e1 = get_key_prefix(key1);
let e2 = get_key_prefix(key2);
let ex = (e1 ^ e2).leading_zeros() as u8;
(ex / 16) * 16
}
/// Computes node value for leaves at tiers 16, 32, or 48.
///
/// Node value is computed as: hash(key || value, domain = depth).
pub fn hash_upper_leaf(key: RpoDigest, value: Word, depth: u8) -> RpoDigest {
const NUM_UPPER_TIERS: usize = TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS.len() - 1;
debug_assert!(TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS[..NUM_UPPER_TIERS].contains(&depth));
Rpo256::merge_in_domain(&[key, value.into()], depth.into())
}
/// Computes node value for leaves at the bottom tier (depth 64).
///
/// Node value is computed as: hash([key_0, value_0, ..., key_n, value_n], domain=64).
///
/// TODO: when hashing in domain is implemented for `hash_elements()`, combine this function with
/// `hash_upper_leaf()` function.
pub fn hash_bottom_leaf(values: &[(RpoDigest, Word)]) -> RpoDigest {
let mut elements = Vec::with_capacity(values.len() * 8);
for (key, val) in values.iter() {
elements.extend_from_slice(key.as_elements());
elements.extend_from_slice(val.as_slice());
}
// TODO: hash in domain
Rpo256::hash_elements(&elements)
}

+ 0
- 419
src/merkle/tiered_smt/nodes.rs

@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
use super::{
BTreeMap, BTreeSet, EmptySubtreeRoots, InnerNodeInfo, LeafNodeIndex, MerkleError, MerklePath,
NodeIndex, Rpo256, RpoDigest, Vec,
};
// CONSTANTS
// ================================================================================================
/// The number of levels between tiers.
const TIER_SIZE: u8 = super::TieredSmt::TIER_SIZE;
/// Depths at which leaves can exist in a tiered SMT.
const TIER_DEPTHS: [u8; 4] = super::TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS;
/// Maximum node depth. This is also the bottom tier of the tree.
const MAX_DEPTH: u8 = super::TieredSmt::MAX_DEPTH;
// NODE STORE
// ================================================================================================
/// A store of nodes for a Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
///
/// The store contains information about all nodes as well as information about which of the nodes
/// represent leaf nodes in a Tiered Sparse Merkle tree. In the current implementation, [BTreeSet]s
/// are used to determine the position of the leaves in the tree.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize))]
pub struct NodeStore {
nodes: BTreeMap<NodeIndex, RpoDigest>,
upper_leaves: BTreeSet<NodeIndex>,
bottom_leaves: BTreeSet<u64>,
}
impl NodeStore {
// CONSTRUCTOR
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a new instance of [NodeStore] instantiated with the specified root node.
///
/// Root node is assumed to be a root of an empty sparse Merkle tree.
pub fn new(root_node: RpoDigest) -> Self {
let mut nodes = BTreeMap::default();
nodes.insert(NodeIndex::root(), root_node);
Self {
nodes,
upper_leaves: BTreeSet::default(),
bottom_leaves: BTreeSet::default(),
}
}
// PUBLIC ACCESSORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a node at the specified index.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if:
/// - The specified index depth is 0 or greater than 64.
/// - The node with the specified index does not exists in the Merkle tree. This is possible
/// when a leaf node with the same index prefix exists at a tier higher than the requested
/// node.
pub fn get_node(&self, index: NodeIndex) -> Result<RpoDigest, MerkleError> {
self.validate_node_access(index)?;
Ok(self.get_node_unchecked(&index))
}
/// Returns a Merkle path from the node at the specified index to the root.
///
/// The node itself is not included in the path.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if:
/// - The specified index depth is 0 or greater than 64.
/// - The node with the specified index does not exists in the Merkle tree. This is possible
/// when a leaf node with the same index prefix exists at a tier higher than the node to
/// which the path is requested.
pub fn get_path(&self, mut index: NodeIndex) -> Result<MerklePath, MerkleError> {
self.validate_node_access(index)?;
let mut path = Vec::with_capacity(index.depth() as usize);
for _ in 0..index.depth() {
let node = self.get_node_unchecked(&index.sibling());
path.push(node);
index.move_up();
}
Ok(path.into())
}
/// Returns a Merkle path to the node specified by the key together with a flag indicating,
/// whether this node is a leaf at depths 16, 32, or 48.
pub fn get_proof(&self, key: &RpoDigest) -> (MerklePath, NodeIndex, bool) {
let (index, leaf_exists) = self.get_leaf_index(key);
let index: NodeIndex = index.into();
let path = self.get_path(index).expect("failed to retrieve Merkle path for a node index");
(path, index, leaf_exists)
}
/// Returns an index at which a leaf node for the specified key should be inserted.
///
/// The second value in the returned tuple is set to true if the node at the returned index
/// is already a leaf node.
pub fn get_leaf_index(&self, key: &RpoDigest) -> (LeafNodeIndex, bool) {
// traverse the tree from the root down checking nodes at tiers 16, 32, and 48. Return if
// a node at any of the tiers is either a leaf or a root of an empty subtree.
const NUM_UPPER_TIERS: usize = TIER_DEPTHS.len() - 1;
for &tier_depth in TIER_DEPTHS[..NUM_UPPER_TIERS].iter() {
let index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(key, tier_depth);
if self.upper_leaves.contains(&index) {
return (index, true);
} else if !self.nodes.contains_key(&index) {
return (index, false);
}
}
// if we got here, that means all of the nodes checked so far are internal nodes, and
// the new node would need to be inserted in the bottom tier.
let index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(key, MAX_DEPTH);
(index, self.bottom_leaves.contains(&index.value()))
}
/// Traverses the tree up from the bottom tier starting at the specified leaf index and
/// returns the depth of the first node which hash more than one child. The returned depth
/// is rounded up to the next tier.
pub fn get_last_single_child_parent_depth(&self, leaf_index: u64) -> u8 {
let mut index = NodeIndex::new_unchecked(MAX_DEPTH, leaf_index);
for _ in (TIER_DEPTHS[0]..MAX_DEPTH).rev() {
let sibling_index = index.sibling();
if self.nodes.contains_key(&sibling_index) {
break;
}
index.move_up();
}
let tier = (index.depth() - 1) / TIER_SIZE;
TIER_DEPTHS[tier as usize]
}
// ITERATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns an iterator over all inner nodes of the Tiered Sparse Merkle tree (i.e., nodes not
/// at depths 16 32, 48, or 64).
///
/// The iterator order is unspecified.
pub fn inner_nodes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = InnerNodeInfo> + '_ {
self.nodes.iter().filter_map(|(index, node)| {
if self.is_internal_node(index) {
Some(InnerNodeInfo {
value: *node,
left: self.get_node_unchecked(&index.left_child()),
right: self.get_node_unchecked(&index.right_child()),
})
} else {
None
}
})
}
/// Returns an iterator over the upper leaves (i.e., leaves with depths 16, 32, 48) of the
/// Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
pub fn upper_leaves(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&NodeIndex, &RpoDigest)> {
self.upper_leaves.iter().map(|index| (index, &self.nodes[index]))
}
/// Returns an iterator over the bottom leaves (i.e., leaves with depth 64) of the Tiered
/// Sparse Merkle tree.
pub fn bottom_leaves(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&u64, &RpoDigest)> {
self.bottom_leaves.iter().map(|value| {
let index = NodeIndex::new_unchecked(MAX_DEPTH, *value);
(value, &self.nodes[&index])
})
}
// STATE MUTATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Replaces the leaf node at the specified index with a tree consisting of two leaves located
/// at the specified indexes. Recomputes and returns the new root.
pub fn replace_leaf_with_subtree(
&mut self,
leaf_index: LeafNodeIndex,
subtree_leaves: [(LeafNodeIndex, RpoDigest); 2],
) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(self.is_non_empty_leaf(&leaf_index));
debug_assert!(!is_empty_root(&subtree_leaves[0].1));
debug_assert!(!is_empty_root(&subtree_leaves[1].1));
debug_assert_eq!(subtree_leaves[0].0.depth(), subtree_leaves[1].0.depth());
debug_assert!(leaf_index.depth() < subtree_leaves[0].0.depth());
self.upper_leaves.remove(&leaf_index);
if subtree_leaves[0].0 == subtree_leaves[1].0 {
// if the subtree is for a single node at depth 64, we only need to insert one node
debug_assert_eq!(subtree_leaves[0].0.depth(), MAX_DEPTH);
debug_assert_eq!(subtree_leaves[0].1, subtree_leaves[1].1);
self.insert_leaf_node(subtree_leaves[0].0, subtree_leaves[0].1)
} else {
self.insert_leaf_node(subtree_leaves[0].0, subtree_leaves[0].1);
self.insert_leaf_node(subtree_leaves[1].0, subtree_leaves[1].1)
}
}
/// Replaces a subtree containing the retained and the removed leaf nodes, with a leaf node
/// containing the retained leaf.
///
/// This has the effect of deleting the the node at the `removed_leaf` index from the tree,
/// moving the node at the `retained_leaf` index up to the tier specified by `new_depth`.
pub fn replace_subtree_with_leaf(
&mut self,
removed_leaf: LeafNodeIndex,
retained_leaf: LeafNodeIndex,
new_depth: u8,
node: RpoDigest,
) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(!is_empty_root(&node));
debug_assert!(self.is_non_empty_leaf(&removed_leaf));
debug_assert!(self.is_non_empty_leaf(&retained_leaf));
debug_assert_eq!(removed_leaf.depth(), retained_leaf.depth());
debug_assert!(removed_leaf.depth() > new_depth);
// remove the branches leading up to the tier to which the retained leaf is to be moved
self.remove_branch(removed_leaf, new_depth);
self.remove_branch(retained_leaf, new_depth);
// compute the index of the common root for retained and removed leaves
let mut new_index = retained_leaf;
new_index.move_up_to(new_depth);
// insert the node at the root index
self.insert_leaf_node(new_index, node)
}
/// Inserts the specified node at the specified index; recomputes and returns the new root
/// of the Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
///
/// This method assumes that the provided node is a non-empty value, and that there is no node
/// at the specified index.
pub fn insert_leaf_node(&mut self, index: LeafNodeIndex, mut node: RpoDigest) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(!is_empty_root(&node));
debug_assert_eq!(self.nodes.get(&index), None);
// mark the node as the leaf
if index.depth() == MAX_DEPTH {
self.bottom_leaves.insert(index.value());
} else {
self.upper_leaves.insert(index.into());
};
// insert the node and update the path from the node to the root
let mut index: NodeIndex = index.into();
for _ in 0..index.depth() {
self.nodes.insert(index, node);
let sibling = self.get_node_unchecked(&index.sibling());
node = Rpo256::merge(&index.build_node(node, sibling));
index.move_up();
}
// update the root
self.nodes.insert(NodeIndex::root(), node);
node
}
/// Updates the node at the specified index with the specified node value; recomputes and
/// returns the new root of the Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
///
/// This method can accept `node` as either an empty or a non-empty value.
pub fn update_leaf_node(&mut self, index: LeafNodeIndex, mut node: RpoDigest) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(self.is_non_empty_leaf(&index));
// if the value we are updating the node to is a root of an empty tree, clear the leaf
// flag for this node
if node == EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH)[index.depth() as usize] {
if index.depth() == MAX_DEPTH {
self.bottom_leaves.remove(&index.value());
} else {
self.upper_leaves.remove(&index);
}
} else {
debug_assert!(!is_empty_root(&node));
}
// update the path from the node to the root
let mut index: NodeIndex = index.into();
for _ in 0..index.depth() {
if node == EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH)[index.depth() as usize] {
self.nodes.remove(&index);
} else {
self.nodes.insert(index, node);
}
let sibling = self.get_node_unchecked(&index.sibling());
node = Rpo256::merge(&index.build_node(node, sibling));
index.move_up();
}
// update the root
self.nodes.insert(NodeIndex::root(), node);
node
}
/// Replaces the leaf node at the specified index with a root of an empty subtree; recomputes
/// and returns the new root of the Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
pub fn clear_leaf_node(&mut self, index: LeafNodeIndex) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(self.is_non_empty_leaf(&index));
let node = EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH)[index.depth() as usize];
self.update_leaf_node(index, node)
}
/// Truncates a branch starting with specified leaf at the bottom tier to new depth.
///
/// This involves removing the part of the branch below the new depth, and then inserting a new
/// // node at the new depth.
pub fn truncate_branch(
&mut self,
leaf_index: u64,
new_depth: u8,
node: RpoDigest,
) -> RpoDigest {
debug_assert!(self.bottom_leaves.contains(&leaf_index));
let mut leaf_index = LeafNodeIndex::new(NodeIndex::new_unchecked(MAX_DEPTH, leaf_index));
self.remove_branch(leaf_index, new_depth);
leaf_index.move_up_to(new_depth);
self.insert_leaf_node(leaf_index, node)
}
// HELPER METHODS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns true if the node at the specified index is a leaf node.
fn is_non_empty_leaf(&self, index: &LeafNodeIndex) -> bool {
if index.depth() == MAX_DEPTH {
self.bottom_leaves.contains(&index.value())
} else {
self.upper_leaves.contains(index)
}
}
/// Returns true if the node at the specified index is an internal node - i.e., there is
/// no leaf at that node and the node does not belong to the bottom tier.
fn is_internal_node(&self, index: &NodeIndex) -> bool {
if index.depth() == MAX_DEPTH {
false
} else {
!self.upper_leaves.contains(index)
}
}
/// Checks if the specified index is valid in the context of this Merkle tree.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if:
/// - The specified index depth is 0 or greater than 64.
/// - The node for the specified index does not exists in the Merkle tree. This is possible
/// when an ancestors of the specified index is a leaf node.
fn validate_node_access(&self, index: NodeIndex) -> Result<(), MerkleError> {
if index.is_root() {
return Err(MerkleError::DepthTooSmall(index.depth()));
} else if index.depth() > MAX_DEPTH {
return Err(MerkleError::DepthTooBig(index.depth() as u64));
} else {
// make sure that there are no leaf nodes in the ancestors of the index; since leaf
// nodes can live at specific depth, we just need to check these depths.
let tier = ((index.depth() - 1) / TIER_SIZE) as usize;
let mut tier_index = index;
for &depth in TIER_DEPTHS[..tier].iter().rev() {
tier_index.move_up_to(depth);
if self.upper_leaves.contains(&tier_index) {
return Err(MerkleError::NodeNotInSet(index));
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Returns a node at the specified index. If the node does not exist at this index, a root
/// for an empty subtree at the index's depth is returned.
///
/// Unlike [NodeStore::get_node()] this does not perform any checks to verify that the
/// returned node is valid in the context of this tree.
fn get_node_unchecked(&self, index: &NodeIndex) -> RpoDigest {
match self.nodes.get(index) {
Some(node) => *node,
None => EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH)[index.depth() as usize],
}
}
/// Removes a sequence of nodes starting at the specified index and traversing the tree up to
/// the specified depth. The node at the `end_depth` is also removed, and the appropriate leaf
/// flag is cleared.
///
/// This method does not update any other nodes and does not recompute the tree root.
fn remove_branch(&mut self, index: LeafNodeIndex, end_depth: u8) {
if index.depth() == MAX_DEPTH {
self.bottom_leaves.remove(&index.value());
} else {
self.upper_leaves.remove(&index);
}
let mut index: NodeIndex = index.into();
assert!(index.depth() > end_depth);
for _ in 0..(index.depth() - end_depth + 1) {
self.nodes.remove(&index);
index.move_up()
}
}
}
// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================================================================================================
/// Returns true if the specified node is a root of an empty tree or an empty value ([ZERO; 4]).
fn is_empty_root(node: &RpoDigest) -> bool {
EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH).contains(node)
}

+ 0
- 170
src/merkle/tiered_smt/proof.rs

@ -1,170 +0,0 @@
use super::{
get_common_prefix_tier_depth, get_key_prefix, hash_bottom_leaf, hash_upper_leaf,
EmptySubtreeRoots, LeafNodeIndex, MerklePath, RpoDigest, TieredSmtProofError, Vec, Word,
};
// CONSTANTS
// ================================================================================================
/// Maximum node depth. This is also the bottom tier of the tree.
const MAX_DEPTH: u8 = super::TieredSmt::MAX_DEPTH;
/// Value of an empty leaf.
pub const EMPTY_VALUE: Word = super::TieredSmt::EMPTY_VALUE;
/// Depths at which leaves can exist in a tiered SMT.
pub const TIER_DEPTHS: [u8; 4] = super::TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS;
// TIERED SPARSE MERKLE TREE PROOF
// ================================================================================================
/// A proof which can be used to assert membership (or non-membership) of key-value pairs in a
/// Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
///
/// The proof consists of a Merkle path and one or more key-value entries which describe the node
/// located at the base of the path. If the node at the base of the path resolves to [ZERO; 4],
/// the entries will contain a single item with value set to [ZERO; 4].
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
pub struct TieredSmtProof {
path: MerklePath,
entries: Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>,
}
impl TieredSmtProof {
// CONSTRUCTOR
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a new instance of [TieredSmtProof] instantiated from the specified path and entries.
///
/// # Panics
/// Panics if:
/// - The length of the path is greater than 64.
/// - Entries is an empty vector.
/// - Entries contains more than 1 item, but the length of the path is not 64.
/// - Entries contains more than 1 item, and one of the items has value set to [ZERO; 4].
/// - Entries contains multiple items with keys which don't share the same 64-bit prefix.
pub fn new<I>(path: MerklePath, entries: I) -> Result<Self, TieredSmtProofError>
where
I: IntoIterator<Item = (RpoDigest, Word)>,
{
let entries: Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)> = entries.into_iter().collect();
if !TIER_DEPTHS.into_iter().any(|e| e == path.depth()) {
return Err(TieredSmtProofError::NotATierPath(path.depth()));
}
if entries.is_empty() {
return Err(TieredSmtProofError::EntriesEmpty);
}
if entries.len() > 1 {
if path.depth() != MAX_DEPTH {
return Err(TieredSmtProofError::MultipleEntriesOutsideLastTier);
}
let prefix = get_key_prefix(&entries[0].0);
for entry in entries.iter().skip(1) {
if entry.1 == EMPTY_VALUE {
return Err(TieredSmtProofError::EmptyValueNotAllowed);
}
let current = get_key_prefix(&entry.0);
if prefix != current {
return Err(TieredSmtProofError::MismatchedPrefixes(prefix, current));
}
}
}
Ok(Self { path, entries })
}
// PROOF VERIFIER
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns true if a Tiered Sparse Merkle tree with the specified root contains the provided
/// key-value pair.
///
/// Note: this method cannot be used to assert non-membership. That is, if false is returned,
/// it does not mean that the provided key-value pair is not in the tree.
pub fn verify_membership(&self, key: &RpoDigest, value: &Word, root: &RpoDigest) -> bool {
// Handles the following scenarios:
// - the value is set
// - empty leaf, there is an explicit entry for the key with the empty value
// - shared 64-bit prefix, the target key is not included in the entries list, the value is implicitly the empty word
let v = match self.entries.iter().find(|(k, _)| k == key) {
Some((_, v)) => v,
None => &EMPTY_VALUE,
};
// The value must match for the proof to be valid
if v != value {
return false;
}
// If the proof is for an empty value, we can verify it against any key which has a common
// prefix with the key storied in entries, but the prefix must be greater than the path
// length
if self.is_value_empty()
&& get_common_prefix_tier_depth(key, &self.entries[0].0) < self.path.depth()
{
return false;
}
// make sure the Merkle path resolves to the correct root
root == &self.compute_root()
}
// PUBLIC ACCESSORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns the value associated with the specific key according to this proof, or None if
/// this proof does not contain a value for the specified key.
///
/// A key-value pair generated by using this method should pass the `verify_membership()` check.
pub fn get(&self, key: &RpoDigest) -> Option<Word> {
if self.is_value_empty() {
let common_prefix_tier = get_common_prefix_tier_depth(key, &self.entries[0].0);
if common_prefix_tier < self.path.depth() {
None
} else {
Some(EMPTY_VALUE)
}
} else {
self.entries.iter().find(|(k, _)| k == key).map(|(_, value)| *value)
}
}
/// Computes the root of a Tiered Sparse Merkle tree to which this proof resolve.
pub fn compute_root(&self) -> RpoDigest {
let node = self.build_node();
let index = LeafNodeIndex::from_key(&self.entries[0].0, self.path.depth());
self.path
.compute_root(index.value(), node)
.expect("failed to compute Merkle path root")
}
/// Consume the proof and returns its parts.
pub fn into_parts(self) -> (MerklePath, Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>) {
(self.path, self.entries)
}
// HELPER METHODS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns true if the proof is for an empty value.
fn is_value_empty(&self) -> bool {
self.entries[0].1 == EMPTY_VALUE
}
/// Converts the entries contained in this proof into a node value for node at the base of the
/// path contained in this proof.
fn build_node(&self) -> RpoDigest {
let depth = self.path.depth();
if self.is_value_empty() {
EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(MAX_DEPTH)[depth as usize]
} else if depth == MAX_DEPTH {
hash_bottom_leaf(&self.entries)
} else {
let (key, value) = self.entries[0];
hash_upper_leaf(key, value, depth)
}
}
}

+ 0
- 968
src/merkle/tiered_smt/tests.rs

@ -1,968 +0,0 @@
use super::{
super::{super::ONE, super::WORD_SIZE, Felt, MerkleStore, EMPTY_WORD, ZERO},
EmptySubtreeRoots, InnerNodeInfo, NodeIndex, Rpo256, RpoDigest, TieredSmt, Vec, Word,
};
// INSERTION TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[test]
fn tsmt_insert_one() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
let raw = 0b_01101001_01101100_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let value = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
// since the tree is empty, the first node will be inserted at depth 16 and the index will be
// 16 most significant bits of the key
let index = NodeIndex::make(16, raw >> 48);
let leaf_node = build_leaf_node(key, value, 16);
let tree_root = store.set_node(smt.root(), index, leaf_node).unwrap().root;
smt.insert(key, value);
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
// make sure the value was inserted, and the node is at the expected index
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key), value);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index).unwrap(), leaf_node);
// make sure the paths we get from the store and the tree match
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index).unwrap();
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index).unwrap(), expected_path.path);
// make sure inner nodes match
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
assert_eq!(actual_nodes.len(), expected_nodes.len());
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
// make sure leaves are returned correctly
let mut leaves = smt.upper_leaves();
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node, key, value)));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), None);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_insert_two_16() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// --- insert the first value ---------------------------------------------
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let val_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_a, val_a);
// --- insert the second value --------------------------------------------
// the key for this value has the same 16-bit prefix as the key for the first value,
// thus, on insertions, both values should be pushed to depth 32 tier
let raw_b = 0b_10101010_10101010_10011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let val_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_b, val_b);
// --- build Merkle store with equivalent data ----------------------------
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
let index_a = NodeIndex::make(32, raw_a >> 32);
let leaf_node_a = build_leaf_node(key_a, val_a, 32);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_a, leaf_node_a).unwrap().root;
let index_b = NodeIndex::make(32, raw_b >> 32);
let leaf_node_b = build_leaf_node(key_b, val_b, 32);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_b, leaf_node_b).unwrap().root;
// --- verify that data is consistent between store and tree --------------
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_a), val_a);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_a).unwrap(), leaf_node_a);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_a).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_a).unwrap(), expected_path);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_b), val_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_b).unwrap(), leaf_node_b);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_b).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_b).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
// make sure leaves are returned correctly
let mut leaves = smt.upper_leaves();
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node_a, key_a, val_a)));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node_b, key_b, val_b)));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), None);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_insert_two_32() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// --- insert the first value ---------------------------------------------
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let val_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_a, val_a);
// --- insert the second value --------------------------------------------
// the key for this value has the same 32-bit prefix as the key for the first value,
// thus, on insertions, both values should be pushed to depth 48 tier
let raw_b = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_00010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let val_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_b, val_b);
// --- build Merkle store with equivalent data ----------------------------
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
let index_a = NodeIndex::make(48, raw_a >> 16);
let leaf_node_a = build_leaf_node(key_a, val_a, 48);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_a, leaf_node_a).unwrap().root;
let index_b = NodeIndex::make(48, raw_b >> 16);
let leaf_node_b = build_leaf_node(key_b, val_b, 48);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_b, leaf_node_b).unwrap().root;
// --- verify that data is consistent between store and tree --------------
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_a), val_a);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_a).unwrap(), leaf_node_a);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_a).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_a).unwrap(), expected_path);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_b), val_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_b).unwrap(), leaf_node_b);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_b).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_b).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_insert_three() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// --- insert the first value ---------------------------------------------
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let val_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_a, val_a);
// --- insert the second value --------------------------------------------
// the key for this value has the same 16-bit prefix as the key for the first value,
// thus, on insertions, both values should be pushed to depth 32 tier
let raw_b = 0b_10101010_10101010_10011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let val_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_b, val_b);
// --- insert the third value ---------------------------------------------
// the key for this value has the same 16-bit prefix as the keys for the first two,
// values; thus, on insertions, it will be inserted into depth 32 tier, but will not
// affect locations of the other two values
let raw_c = 0b_10101010_10101010_11011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let val_c = [Felt::new(3); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_c, val_c);
// --- build Merkle store with equivalent data ----------------------------
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
let index_a = NodeIndex::make(32, raw_a >> 32);
let leaf_node_a = build_leaf_node(key_a, val_a, 32);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_a, leaf_node_a).unwrap().root;
let index_b = NodeIndex::make(32, raw_b >> 32);
let leaf_node_b = build_leaf_node(key_b, val_b, 32);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_b, leaf_node_b).unwrap().root;
let index_c = NodeIndex::make(32, raw_c >> 32);
let leaf_node_c = build_leaf_node(key_c, val_c, 32);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_c, leaf_node_c).unwrap().root;
// --- verify that data is consistent between store and tree --------------
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_a), val_a);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_a).unwrap(), leaf_node_a);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_a).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_a).unwrap(), expected_path);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_b), val_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_b).unwrap(), leaf_node_b);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_b).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_b).unwrap(), expected_path);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_c), val_c);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_c).unwrap(), leaf_node_c);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_c).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_c).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
}
// UPDATE TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[test]
fn tsmt_update() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let raw = 0b_01101001_01101100_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let value_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key, value_a);
// --- update the value ---------------------------------------------------
let value_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key, value_b);
// --- verify consistency -------------------------------------------------
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
let index = NodeIndex::make(16, raw >> 48);
let leaf_node = build_leaf_node(key, value_b, 16);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index, leaf_node).unwrap().root;
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index).unwrap(), leaf_node);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
}
// DELETION TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_16() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let smt0 = smt.clone();
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01101100_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert another value into the tree ---------------------------------
let smt1 = smt.clone();
let raw_b = 0b_01011111_01101100_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_b, EMPTY_WORD), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt, smt1);
// --- delete the first inserted value ------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD), value_a);
assert_eq!(smt, smt0);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_32() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let smt0 = smt.clone();
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01101100_01111111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert another with the same 16-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let smt1 = smt.clone();
let raw_b = 0b_01010101_01101100_00111111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// --- insert the 3rd value with the same 16-bit prefix into the tree -----
let smt2 = smt.clone();
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01101100_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_c, EMPTY_WORD), value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, smt2);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_b, EMPTY_WORD), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt, smt1);
// --- delete the first inserted value ------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD), value_a);
assert_eq!(smt, smt0);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_48_same_32_bit_prefix() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// test the case when all values share the same 32-bit prefix
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let smt0 = smt.clone();
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert another with the same 32-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let smt1 = smt.clone();
let raw_b = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// --- insert the 3rd value with the same 32-bit prefix into the tree -----
let smt2 = smt.clone();
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11110110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_c, EMPTY_WORD), value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, smt2);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_b, EMPTY_WORD), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt, smt1);
// --- delete the first inserted value ------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD), value_a);
assert_eq!(smt, smt0);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_48_mixed_prefix() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// test the case when some values share a 32-bit prefix and others share a 16-bit prefix
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let smt0 = smt.clone();
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert another with the same 16-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let smt1 = smt.clone();
let raw_b = 0b_01010101_01010101_01111111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// --- insert a value with the same 32-bit prefix as the first value -----
let smt2 = smt.clone();
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// --- insert another value with the same 32-bit prefix as the first value
let smt3 = smt.clone();
let raw_d = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11110110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_d)]);
let value_d = [ONE, ZERO, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_d, value_d);
// --- delete the inserted values one-by-one ------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_d, EMPTY_WORD), value_d);
assert_eq!(smt, smt3);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_c, EMPTY_WORD), value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, smt2);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_b, EMPTY_WORD), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt, smt1);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD), value_a);
assert_eq!(smt, smt0);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_64() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// test the case when all values share the same 48-bit prefix
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let smt0 = smt.clone();
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert a value with the same 48-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let smt1 = smt.clone();
let raw_b = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_10111100_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// --- insert a value with the same 32-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let smt2 = smt.clone();
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11111101_10101010_10111100_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
let smt3 = smt.clone();
let raw_d = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ZERO, ONE, Felt::new(raw_d)]);
let value_d = [ONE, ZERO, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_d, value_d);
// --- delete the last inserted value -------------------------------------
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_d, EMPTY_WORD), value_d);
assert_eq!(smt, smt3);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_c, EMPTY_WORD), value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, smt2);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_b, EMPTY_WORD), value_b);
assert_eq!(smt, smt1);
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD), value_a);
assert_eq!(smt, smt0);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_delete_64_leaf_promotion() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// --- delete from bottom tier (no promotion to upper tiers) --------------
// insert a value into the tree
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10101010_10101010_11111111_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// insert another value with a key having the same 64-bit prefix
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// insert a value with a key which shared the same 48-bit prefix
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10101010_10101010_00111111_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// delete entry A and compare to the tree which was built from B and C
smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD);
let mut expected_smt = TieredSmt::default();
expected_smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
expected_smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, expected_smt);
// entries B and C should stay at depth 64
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_b).0.depth(), 64);
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_c).0.depth(), 64);
// --- delete from bottom tier (promotion to depth 48) --------------------
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// insert a value with a key which shared the same 32-bit prefix
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11101010_10101010_11111111_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// delete entry A and compare to the tree which was built from B and C
smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD);
let mut expected_smt = TieredSmt::default();
expected_smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
expected_smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, expected_smt);
// entry B moves to depth 48, entry C stays at depth 48
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_b).0.depth(), 48);
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_c).0.depth(), 48);
// --- delete from bottom tier (promotion to depth 32) --------------------
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// insert a value with a key which shared the same 16-bit prefix
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_01111111_11111111_10101010_10101010_11111111_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// delete entry A and compare to the tree which was built from B and C
smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD);
let mut expected_smt = TieredSmt::default();
expected_smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
expected_smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, expected_smt);
// entry B moves to depth 32, entry C stays at depth 32
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_b).0.depth(), 32);
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_c).0.depth(), 32);
// --- delete from bottom tier (promotion to depth 16) --------------------
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
// insert a value with a key which shared prefix < 16 bits
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010100_11111111_11111111_10101010_10101010_11111111_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// delete entry A and compare to the tree which was built from B and C
smt.insert(key_a, EMPTY_WORD);
let mut expected_smt = TieredSmt::default();
expected_smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
expected_smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
assert_eq!(smt, expected_smt);
// entry B moves to depth 16, entry C stays at depth 16
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_b).0.depth(), 16);
assert_eq!(smt.nodes.get_leaf_index(&key_c).0.depth(), 16);
}
#[test]
fn test_order_sensitivity() {
let raw = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000001_u64;
let value = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
let key_1 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let key_2 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw)]);
let mut smt_1 = TieredSmt::default();
smt_1.insert(key_1, value);
smt_1.insert(key_2, value);
smt_1.insert(key_2, EMPTY_WORD);
let mut smt_2 = TieredSmt::default();
smt_2.insert(key_1, value);
assert_eq!(smt_1.root(), smt_2.root());
}
// BOTTOM TIER TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[test]
fn tsmt_bottom_tier() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// common prefix for the keys
let prefix = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
// --- insert the first value ---------------------------------------------
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(prefix)]);
let val_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_a, val_a);
// --- insert the second value --------------------------------------------
// this key has the same 64-bit prefix and thus both values should end up in the same
// node at depth 64
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(prefix)]);
let val_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_b, val_b);
// --- build Merkle store with equivalent data ----------------------------
let index = NodeIndex::make(64, prefix);
// to build bottom leaf we sort by key starting with the least significant element, thus
// key_b is smaller than key_a.
let leaf_node = build_bottom_leaf_node(&[key_b, key_a], &[val_b, val_a]);
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index, leaf_node).unwrap().root;
// --- verify that data is consistent between store and tree --------------
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_a), val_a);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_b), val_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index).unwrap(), leaf_node);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
// make sure leaves are returned correctly
let smt_clone = smt.clone();
let mut leaves = smt_clone.bottom_leaves();
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node, vec![(key_b, val_b), (key_a, val_a)])));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), None);
// --- update a leaf at the bottom tier -------------------------------------------------------
let val_a2 = [Felt::new(3); WORD_SIZE];
assert_eq!(smt.insert(key_a, val_a2), val_a);
let leaf_node = build_bottom_leaf_node(&[key_b, key_a], &[val_b, val_a2]);
store.set_node(tree_root, index, leaf_node).unwrap();
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
let mut leaves = smt.bottom_leaves();
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node, vec![(key_b, val_b), (key_a, val_a2)])));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), None);
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_bottom_tier_two() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let mut store = MerkleStore::default();
// --- insert the first value ---------------------------------------------
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let val_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_a, val_a);
// --- insert the second value --------------------------------------------
// the key for this value has the same 48-bit prefix as the key for the first value,
// thus, on insertions, both should end up in different nodes at depth 64
let raw_b = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_01100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let val_b = [Felt::new(2); WORD_SIZE];
smt.insert(key_b, val_b);
// --- build Merkle store with equivalent data ----------------------------
let mut tree_root = get_init_root();
let index_a = NodeIndex::make(64, raw_a);
let leaf_node_a = build_bottom_leaf_node(&[key_a], &[val_a]);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_a, leaf_node_a).unwrap().root;
let index_b = NodeIndex::make(64, raw_b);
let leaf_node_b = build_bottom_leaf_node(&[key_b], &[val_b]);
tree_root = store.set_node(tree_root, index_b, leaf_node_b).unwrap().root;
// --- verify that data is consistent between store and tree --------------
assert_eq!(smt.root(), tree_root);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_a), val_a);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_a).unwrap(), leaf_node_a);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_a).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_a).unwrap(), expected_path);
assert_eq!(smt.get_value(key_b), val_b);
assert_eq!(smt.get_node(index_b).unwrap(), leaf_node_b);
let expected_path = store.get_path(tree_root, index_b).unwrap().path;
assert_eq!(smt.get_path(index_b).unwrap(), expected_path);
// make sure inner nodes match - the store contains more entries because it keeps track of
// all prior state - so, we don't check that the number of inner nodes is the same in both
let expected_nodes = get_non_empty_nodes(&store);
let actual_nodes = smt.inner_nodes().collect::<Vec<_>>();
actual_nodes.iter().for_each(|node| assert!(expected_nodes.contains(node)));
// make sure leaves are returned correctly
let mut leaves = smt.bottom_leaves();
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node_b, vec![(key_b, val_b)])));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), Some((leaf_node_a, vec![(key_a, val_a)])));
assert_eq!(leaves.next(), None);
}
// GET PROOF TESTS
// ================================================================================================
/// Tests the membership and non-membership proof for a single at depth 64
#[test]
fn tsmt_get_proof_single_element_64() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let raw_a = 0b_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000001_u64;
let key_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, raw_a.into()].into();
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// push element `a` to depth 64, by inserting another value that shares the 48-bit prefix
let raw_b = 0b_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000001_00000000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, raw_b.into()].into();
smt.insert(key_b, [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE]);
// verify the proof for element `a`
let proof = smt.prove(key_a);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_a, &smt.root()));
// check that a value that is not inserted in the tree produces a valid membership proof for the
// empty word
let key = [ZERO, ZERO, ZERO, ZERO].into();
let proof = smt.prove(key);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
// check that a key that shared the 64-bit prefix with `a`, but is not inserted, also has a
// valid membership proof for the empty word
let key = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, raw_a.into()].into();
let proof = smt.prove(key);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
}
#[test]
fn tsmt_get_proof() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
// --- insert a value into the tree ---------------------------------------
let raw_a = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ONE];
smt.insert(key_a, value_a);
// --- insert a value with the same 48-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let raw_b = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_10111100_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_b, value_b);
let smt_alt = smt.clone();
// --- insert a value with the same 32-bit prefix into the tree -----------
let raw_c = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_11111101_10101010_10111100_00000000_u64;
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_c)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_c, value_c);
// --- insert a value with the same 64-bit prefix as A into the tree ------
let raw_d = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ZERO, ONE, Felt::new(raw_d)]);
let value_d = [ONE, ZERO, ZERO, ZERO];
smt.insert(key_d, value_d);
// at this point the tree looks as follows:
// - A and D are located in the same node at depth 64.
// - B is located at depth 64 and shares the same 48-bit prefix with A and D.
// - C is located at depth 48 and shares the same 32-bit prefix with A, B, and D.
// --- generate proof for key A and test that it verifies correctly -------
let proof = smt.prove(key_a);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_b, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_a, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_a), Some(value_a));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), None);
// since A and D are stored in the same node, we should be able to use the proof to verify
// membership of D
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_d, &value_d, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_d), Some(value_d));
// --- generate proof for key B and test that it verifies correctly -------
let proof = smt.prove(key_b);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &value_b, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_b, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &value_b, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), Some(value_b));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_a), None);
// --- generate proof for key C and test that it verifies correctly -------
let proof = smt.prove(key_c);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_c, &value_c, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_c, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_c, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_c, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_c, &value_c, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_c), Some(value_c));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), None);
// --- generate proof for key D and test that it verifies correctly -------
let proof = smt.prove(key_d);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_d, &value_d, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_d, &value_b, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_d, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_b, &value_d, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key_d, &value_d, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_d), Some(value_d));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), None);
// since A and D are stored in the same node, we should be able to use the proof to verify
// membership of A
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key_a, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_a), Some(value_a));
// --- generate proof for an empty key at depth 64 ------------------------
// this key has the same 48-bit prefix as A but is different from B
let raw = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000011_u64;
let key = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let proof = smt.prove(key);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key), Some(EMPTY_WORD));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), None);
// the same proof should verify against any key with the same 64-bit prefix
let key2 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw)]);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key2, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key2), Some(EMPTY_WORD));
// but verifying if against a key with the same 63-bit prefix (or smaller) should fail
let raw3 = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_10110101_10101010_11111100_00000010_u64;
let key3 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw3)]);
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key3, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key3), None);
// --- generate proof for an empty key at depth 48 ------------------------
// this key has the same 32-prefix as A, B, C, and D, but is different from C
let raw = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_00110101_10101010_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let proof = smt.prove(key);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key, &value_a, &smt.root()));
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt_alt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key), Some(EMPTY_WORD));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key_b), None);
// the same proof should verify against any key with the same 48-bit prefix
let raw2 = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_00110101_10101010_01111100_00000000_u64;
let key2 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw2)]);
assert!(proof.verify_membership(&key2, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key2), Some(EMPTY_WORD));
// but verifying against a key with the same 47-bit prefix (or smaller) should fail
let raw3 = 0b_01010101_01010101_11111111_11111111_00110101_10101011_11111100_00000000_u64;
let key3 = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw3)]);
assert!(!proof.verify_membership(&key3, &EMPTY_WORD, &smt.root()));
assert_eq!(proof.get(&key3), None);
}
// ERROR TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[test]
fn tsmt_node_not_available() {
let mut smt = TieredSmt::default();
let raw = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw)]);
let value = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
// build an index which is just below the inserted leaf node
let index = NodeIndex::make(17, raw >> 47);
// since we haven't inserted the node yet, we should be able to get node and path to this index
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_ok());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_ok());
smt.insert(key, value);
// but once the node is inserted, everything under it should be unavailable
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_err());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_err());
let index = NodeIndex::make(32, raw >> 32);
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_err());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_err());
let index = NodeIndex::make(34, raw >> 30);
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_err());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_err());
let index = NodeIndex::make(50, raw >> 14);
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_err());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_err());
let index = NodeIndex::make(64, raw);
assert!(smt.get_node(index).is_err());
assert!(smt.get_path(index).is_err());
}
// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================================================================================================
fn get_init_root() -> RpoDigest {
EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(64)[0]
}
fn build_leaf_node(key: RpoDigest, value: Word, depth: u8) -> RpoDigest {
Rpo256::merge_in_domain(&[key, value.into()], depth.into())
}
fn build_bottom_leaf_node(keys: &[RpoDigest], values: &[Word]) -> RpoDigest {
assert_eq!(keys.len(), values.len());
let mut elements = Vec::with_capacity(keys.len());
for (key, val) in keys.iter().zip(values.iter()) {
elements.extend_from_slice(key.as_elements());
elements.extend_from_slice(val.as_slice());
}
Rpo256::hash_elements(&elements)
}
fn get_non_empty_nodes(store: &MerkleStore) -> Vec<InnerNodeInfo> {
store
.inner_nodes()
.filter(|node| !is_empty_subtree(&node.value))
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
}
fn is_empty_subtree(node: &RpoDigest) -> bool {
EmptySubtreeRoots::empty_hashes(255).contains(node)
}

+ 0
- 584
src/merkle/tiered_smt/values.rs

@ -1,584 +0,0 @@
use super::{get_key_prefix, BTreeMap, LeafNodeIndex, RpoDigest, StarkField, Vec, Word};
use crate::utils::vec;
use core::{
cmp::{Ord, Ordering},
ops::RangeBounds,
};
use winter_utils::collections::btree_map::Entry;
// CONSTANTS
// ================================================================================================
/// Depths at which leaves can exist in a tiered SMT.
const TIER_DEPTHS: [u8; 4] = super::TieredSmt::TIER_DEPTHS;
/// Maximum node depth. This is also the bottom tier of the tree.
const MAX_DEPTH: u8 = super::TieredSmt::MAX_DEPTH;
// VALUE STORE
// ================================================================================================
/// A store for key-value pairs for a Tiered Sparse Merkle tree.
///
/// The store is organized in a [BTreeMap] where keys are 64 most significant bits of a key, and
/// the values are the corresponding key-value pairs (or a list of key-value pairs if more that
/// a single key-value pair shares the same 64-bit prefix).
///
/// The store supports lookup by the full key (i.e. [RpoDigest]) as well as by the 64-bit key
/// prefix.
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize))]
pub struct ValueStore {
values: BTreeMap<u64, StoreEntry>,
}
impl ValueStore {
// PUBLIC ACCESSORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a reference to the value stored under the specified key, or None if there is no
/// value associated with the specified key.
pub fn get(&self, key: &RpoDigest) -> Option<&Word> {
let prefix = get_key_prefix(key);
self.values.get(&prefix).and_then(|entry| entry.get(key))
}
/// Returns the first key-value pair such that the key prefix is greater than or equal to the
/// specified prefix.
pub fn get_first(&self, prefix: u64) -> Option<&(RpoDigest, Word)> {
self.range(prefix..).next()
}
/// Returns the first key-value pair such that the key prefix is greater than or equal to the
/// specified prefix and the key value is not equal to the exclude_key value.
pub fn get_first_filtered(
&self,
prefix: u64,
exclude_key: &RpoDigest,
) -> Option<&(RpoDigest, Word)> {
self.range(prefix..).find(|(key, _)| key != exclude_key)
}
/// Returns a vector with key-value pairs for all keys with the specified 64-bit prefix, or
/// None if no keys with the specified prefix are present in this store.
pub fn get_all(&self, prefix: u64) -> Option<Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>> {
self.values.get(&prefix).map(|entry| match entry {
StoreEntry::Single(kv_pair) => vec![*kv_pair],
StoreEntry::List(kv_pairs) => kv_pairs.clone(),
})
}
/// Returns information about a sibling of a leaf node with the specified index, but only if
/// this is the only sibling the leaf has in some subtree starting at the first tier.
///
/// For example, if `index` is an index at depth 32, and there is a leaf node at depth 32 with
/// the same root at depth 16 as `index`, we say that this leaf is a lone sibling.
///
/// The returned tuple contains: they key-value pair of the sibling as well as the index of
/// the node for the root of the common subtree in which both nodes are leaves.
///
/// This method assumes that the key-value pair for the specified index has already been
/// removed from the store.
pub fn get_lone_sibling(
&self,
index: LeafNodeIndex,
) -> Option<(&RpoDigest, &Word, LeafNodeIndex)> {
// iterate over tiers from top to bottom, looking at the tiers which are strictly above
// the depth of the index. This implies that only tiers at depth 32 and 48 will be
// considered. For each tier, check if the parent of the index at the higher tier
// contains a single node. The fist tier (depth 16) is excluded because we cannot move
// nodes at depth 16 to a higher tier. This implies that nodes at the first tier will
// never have "lone siblings".
for &tier_depth in TIER_DEPTHS.iter().filter(|&t| index.depth() > *t) {
// compute the index of the root at a higher tier
let mut parent_index = index;
parent_index.move_up_to(tier_depth);
// find the lone sibling, if any; we need to handle the "last node" at a given tier
// separately specify the bounds for the search correctly.
let start_prefix = parent_index.value() << (MAX_DEPTH - tier_depth);
let sibling = if start_prefix.leading_ones() as u8 == tier_depth {
let mut iter = self.range(start_prefix..);
iter.next().filter(|_| iter.next().is_none())
} else {
let end_prefix = (parent_index.value() + 1) << (MAX_DEPTH - tier_depth);
let mut iter = self.range(start_prefix..end_prefix);
iter.next().filter(|_| iter.next().is_none())
};
if let Some((key, value)) = sibling {
return Some((key, value, parent_index));
}
}
None
}
/// Returns an iterator over all key-value pairs in this store.
pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(RpoDigest, Word)> {
self.values.iter().flat_map(|(_, entry)| entry.iter())
}
// STATE MUTATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Inserts the specified key-value pair into this store and returns the value previously
/// associated with the specified key.
///
/// If no value was previously associated with the specified key, None is returned.
pub fn insert(&mut self, key: RpoDigest, value: Word) -> Option<Word> {
let prefix = get_key_prefix(&key);
match self.values.entry(prefix) {
Entry::Occupied(mut entry) => entry.get_mut().insert(key, value),
Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
entry.insert(StoreEntry::new(key, value));
None
}
}
}
/// Removes the key-value pair for the specified key from this store and returns the value
/// associated with this key.
///
/// If no value was associated with the specified key, None is returned.
pub fn remove(&mut self, key: &RpoDigest) -> Option<Word> {
let prefix = get_key_prefix(key);
match self.values.entry(prefix) {
Entry::Occupied(mut entry) => {
let (value, remove_entry) = entry.get_mut().remove(key);
if remove_entry {
entry.remove_entry();
}
value
}
Entry::Vacant(_) => None,
}
}
// HELPER METHODS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns an iterator over all key-value pairs contained in this store such that the most
/// significant 64 bits of the key lay within the specified bounds.
///
/// The order of iteration is from the smallest to the largest key.
fn range<R: RangeBounds<u64>>(&self, bounds: R) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(RpoDigest, Word)> {
self.values.range(bounds).flat_map(|(_, entry)| entry.iter())
}
}
// VALUE NODE
// ================================================================================================
/// An entry in the [ValueStore].
///
/// An entry can contain either a single key-value pair or a vector of key-value pairs sorted by
/// key.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize))]
pub enum StoreEntry {
Single((RpoDigest, Word)),
List(Vec<(RpoDigest, Word)>),
}
impl StoreEntry {
// CONSTRUCTOR
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns a new [StoreEntry] instantiated with a single key-value pair.
pub fn new(key: RpoDigest, value: Word) -> Self {
Self::Single((key, value))
}
// PUBLIC ACCESSORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Returns the value associated with the specified key, or None if this entry does not contain
/// a value associated with the specified key.
pub fn get(&self, key: &RpoDigest) -> Option<&Word> {
match self {
StoreEntry::Single(kv_pair) => {
if kv_pair.0 == *key {
Some(&kv_pair.1)
} else {
None
}
}
StoreEntry::List(kv_pairs) => {
match kv_pairs.binary_search_by(|kv_pair| cmp_digests(&kv_pair.0, key)) {
Ok(pos) => Some(&kv_pairs[pos].1),
Err(_) => None,
}
}
}
}
/// Returns an iterator over all key-value pairs in this entry.
pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(RpoDigest, Word)> {
EntryIterator { entry: self, pos: 0 }
}
// STATE MUTATORS
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Inserts the specified key-value pair into this entry and returns the value previously
/// associated with the specified key, or None if no value was associated with the specified
/// key.
///
/// If a new key is inserted, this will also transform a `SingleEntry` into a `ListEntry`.
pub fn insert(&mut self, key: RpoDigest, value: Word) -> Option<Word> {
match self {
StoreEntry::Single(kv_pair) => {
// if the key is already in this entry, update the value and return
if kv_pair.0 == key {
let old_value = kv_pair.1;
kv_pair.1 = value;
return Some(old_value);
}
// transform the entry into a list entry, and make sure the key-value pairs
// are sorted by key
let mut pairs = vec![*kv_pair, (key, value)];
pairs.sort_by(|a, b| cmp_digests(&a.0, &b.0));
*self = StoreEntry::List(pairs);
None
}
StoreEntry::List(pairs) => {
match pairs.binary_search_by(|kv_pair| cmp_digests(&kv_pair.0, &key)) {
Ok(pos) => {
let old_value = pairs[pos].1;
pairs[pos].1 = value;
Some(old_value)
}
Err(pos) => {
pairs.insert(pos, (key, value));
None
}
}
}
}
}
/// Removes the key-value pair with the specified key from this entry, and returns the value
/// of the removed pair. If the entry did not contain a key-value pair for the specified key,
/// None is returned.
///
/// If the last last key-value pair was removed from the entry, the second tuple value will
/// be set to true.
pub fn remove(&mut self, key: &RpoDigest) -> (Option<Word>, bool) {
match self {
StoreEntry::Single(kv_pair) => {
if kv_pair.0 == *key {
(Some(kv_pair.1), true)
} else {
(None, false)
}
}
StoreEntry::List(kv_pairs) => {
match kv_pairs.binary_search_by(|kv_pair| cmp_digests(&kv_pair.0, key)) {
Ok(pos) => {
let kv_pair = kv_pairs.remove(pos);
if kv_pairs.len() == 1 {
*self = StoreEntry::Single(kv_pairs[0]);
}
(Some(kv_pair.1), false)
}
Err(_) => (None, false),
}
}
}
}
}
/// A custom iterator over key-value pairs of a [StoreEntry].
///
/// For a `SingleEntry` this returns only one value, but for `ListEntry`, this iterates over the
/// entire list of key-value pairs.
pub struct EntryIterator<'a> {
entry: &'a StoreEntry,
pos: usize,
}
impl<'a> Iterator for EntryIterator<'a> {
type Item = &'a (RpoDigest, Word);
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
match self.entry {
StoreEntry::Single(kv_pair) => {
if self.pos == 0 {
self.pos = 1;
Some(kv_pair)
} else {
None
}
}
StoreEntry::List(kv_pairs) => {
if self.pos >= kv_pairs.len() {
None
} else {
let kv_pair = &kv_pairs[self.pos];
self.pos += 1;
Some(kv_pair)
}
}
}
}
}
// HELPER FUNCTIONS
// ================================================================================================
/// Compares two digests element-by-element using their integer representations starting with the
/// most significant element.
fn cmp_digests(d1: &RpoDigest, d2: &RpoDigest) -> Ordering {
let d1 = Word::from(d1);
let d2 = Word::from(d2);
for (v1, v2) in d1.iter().zip(d2.iter()).rev() {
let v1 = v1.as_int();
let v2 = v2.as_int();
if v1 != v2 {
return v1.cmp(&v2);
}
}
Ordering::Equal
}
// TESTS
// ================================================================================================
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::{LeafNodeIndex, RpoDigest, StoreEntry, ValueStore};
use crate::{Felt, ONE, WORD_SIZE, ZERO};
#[test]
fn test_insert() {
let mut store = ValueStore::default();
// insert the first key-value pair into the store
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
assert!(store.insert(key_a, value_a).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 1);
let entry = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry = StoreEntry::Single((key_a, value_a));
assert_eq!(entry, &expected_entry);
// insert a key-value pair with a different key into the store; since the keys are
// different, another entry is added to the values map
let raw_b = 0b_11111110_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ZERO, ONE, ZERO];
assert!(store.insert(key_b, value_b).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 = StoreEntry::Single((key_a, value_a));
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
let entry2 = store.values.get(&raw_b).unwrap();
let expected_entry2 = StoreEntry::Single((key_b, value_b));
assert_eq!(entry2, &expected_entry2);
// insert a key-value pair with the same 64-bit key prefix as the first key; this should
// transform the first entry into a List entry
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
assert!(store.insert(key_c, value_c).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 = StoreEntry::List(vec![(key_c, value_c), (key_a, value_a)]);
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
let entry2 = store.values.get(&raw_b).unwrap();
let expected_entry2 = StoreEntry::Single((key_b, value_b));
assert_eq!(entry2, &expected_entry2);
// replace values for keys a and b
let value_a2 = [ONE, ONE, ONE, ZERO];
let value_b2 = [ZERO, ZERO, ZERO, ONE];
assert_eq!(store.insert(key_a, value_a2), Some(value_a));
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
assert_eq!(store.insert(key_b, value_b2), Some(value_b));
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 = StoreEntry::List(vec![(key_c, value_c), (key_a, value_a2)]);
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
let entry2 = store.values.get(&raw_b).unwrap();
let expected_entry2 = StoreEntry::Single((key_b, value_b2));
assert_eq!(entry2, &expected_entry2);
// insert one more key-value pair with the same 64-bit key-prefix as the first key
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_d = [ZERO, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
assert!(store.insert(key_d, value_d).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 =
StoreEntry::List(vec![(key_c, value_c), (key_a, value_a2), (key_d, value_d)]);
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
let entry2 = store.values.get(&raw_b).unwrap();
let expected_entry2 = StoreEntry::Single((key_b, value_b2));
assert_eq!(entry2, &expected_entry2);
}
#[test]
fn test_remove() {
// populate the value store
let mut store = ValueStore::default();
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
store.insert(key_a, value_a);
let raw_b = 0b_11111110_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ZERO, ONE, ZERO];
store.insert(key_b, value_b);
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
store.insert(key_c, value_c);
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_d = [ZERO, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
store.insert(key_d, value_d);
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 2);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 =
StoreEntry::List(vec![(key_c, value_c), (key_a, value_a), (key_d, value_d)]);
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
let entry2 = store.values.get(&raw_b).unwrap();
let expected_entry2 = StoreEntry::Single((key_b, value_b));
assert_eq!(entry2, &expected_entry2);
// remove non-existent keys
let key_e = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ZERO, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
assert!(store.remove(&key_e).is_none());
let raw_f = 0b_11111110_11111111_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_f = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ZERO, ONE, Felt::new(raw_f)]);
assert!(store.remove(&key_f).is_none());
// remove keys from the list entry
assert_eq!(store.remove(&key_c).unwrap(), value_c);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 = StoreEntry::List(vec![(key_a, value_a), (key_d, value_d)]);
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
assert_eq!(store.remove(&key_a).unwrap(), value_a);
let entry1 = store.values.get(&raw_a).unwrap();
let expected_entry1 = StoreEntry::Single((key_d, value_d));
assert_eq!(entry1, &expected_entry1);
assert_eq!(store.remove(&key_d).unwrap(), value_d);
assert!(store.values.get(&raw_a).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 1);
// remove a key from a single entry
assert_eq!(store.remove(&key_b).unwrap(), value_b);
assert!(store.values.get(&raw_b).is_none());
assert_eq!(store.values.len(), 0);
}
#[test]
fn test_range() {
// populate the value store
let mut store = ValueStore::default();
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
store.insert(key_a, value_a);
let raw_b = 0b_11111110_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ZERO, ONE, ZERO];
store.insert(key_b, value_b);
let key_c = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ZERO, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_c = [ONE, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
store.insert(key_c, value_c);
let key_d = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_d = [ZERO, ONE, ZERO, ZERO];
store.insert(key_d, value_d);
let raw_e = 0b_10101000_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_e = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_e)]);
let value_e = [ZERO, ZERO, ZERO, ONE];
store.insert(key_e, value_e);
// check the entire range
let mut iter = store.range(..u64::MAX);
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_e, value_e)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_c, value_c)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_a, value_a)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_d, value_d)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_b, value_b)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
// check all but e
let mut iter = store.range(raw_a..u64::MAX);
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_c, value_c)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_a, value_a)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_d, value_d)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_b, value_b)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
// check all but e and b
let mut iter = store.range(raw_a..raw_b);
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_c, value_c)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_a, value_a)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&(key_d, value_d)));
assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
}
#[test]
fn test_get_lone_sibling() {
// populate the value store
let mut store = ValueStore::default();
let raw_a = 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_a = RpoDigest::from([ZERO, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_a)]);
let value_a = [ONE; WORD_SIZE];
store.insert(key_a, value_a);
let raw_b = 0b_11111111_11111111_00011111_11111111_10010110_10010011_11100000_00000000_u64;
let key_b = RpoDigest::from([ONE, ONE, ONE, Felt::new(raw_b)]);
let value_b = [ONE, ZERO, ONE, ZERO];
store.insert(key_b, value_b);
// check sibling node for `a`
let index = LeafNodeIndex::make(32, 0b_10101010_10101010_00011111_11111110);
let parent_index = LeafNodeIndex::make(16, 0b_10101010_10101010);
assert_eq!(store.get_lone_sibling(index), Some((&key_a, &value_a, parent_index)));
// check sibling node for `b`
let index = LeafNodeIndex::make(32, 0b_11111111_11111111_00011111_11111111);
let parent_index = LeafNodeIndex::make(16, 0b_11111111_11111111);
assert_eq!(store.get_lone_sibling(index), Some((&key_b, &value_b, parent_index)));
// check some other sibling for some other index
let index = LeafNodeIndex::make(32, 0b_11101010_10101010);
assert_eq!(store.get_lone_sibling(index), None);
}
}

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