From f87a71f6a61e74533680c9392c0ce947515ad3a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: arnaucube Date: Fri, 29 Sep 2023 15:16:58 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Add Sigmabus PoC implementation --- .gitignore | 2 + Cargo.toml | 23 ++ LICENSE | 674 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ README.md | 27 ++ src/circuits.rs | 167 ++++++++++++ src/lib.rs | 16 ++ src/sigmabus.rs | 189 +++++++++++++ src/transcript.rs | 90 +++++++ 8 files changed, 1188 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .gitignore create mode 100644 Cargo.toml create mode 100644 LICENSE create mode 100644 README.md create mode 100644 src/circuits.rs create mode 100644 src/lib.rs create mode 100644 src/sigmabus.rs create mode 100644 src/transcript.rs diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4fffb2f --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +/target +/Cargo.lock diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f12ac9a --- /dev/null +++ b/Cargo.toml @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +[package] +name = "sigmabus-poc" +version = "0.1.0" +edition = "2021" + +# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html + +[dependencies] +ark-std = "0.4.0" +ark-ff = "0.4.0" +ark-ec = "0.4.2" +ark-poly = "0.4.0" +ark-serialize = { version = "0.4.0", default-features = false, features = [ "derive" ] } +rand = { version = "0.8", features = [ "std", "std_rng" ] } +ark-crypto-primitives = { version = "^0.4.0", default-features = false, features = [ "r1cs", "snark", "sponge", "crh" ] } +ark-r1cs-std = { version = "^0.4.0", default-features = false } +ark-relations = { version = "^0.4.0", default-features = false } +ark-snark = { version = "^0.4.0", default-features = false } +ark-groth16 = { version = "^0.4.0" } +thiserror = "1.0" + +[dev-dependencies] +ark-bn254 = "0.4.0" diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f288702 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ + GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 3, 29 June 2007 + + Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for +software and other kinds of works. + + The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed +to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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If not, see . + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + + If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short +notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: + + Copyright (C) + This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. + This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it + under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. + +The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate +parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands +might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box". + + You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, +if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. +For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see +. + + The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program +into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you +may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with +the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General +Public License instead of this License. But first, please read +. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0428962 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +# sigmabus-poc +Proof of concept implementation of Sigmabus https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1406, a cool idea by [George Kadianakis](https://twitter.com/asn_d6) and [Mary Maller](https://www.marymaller.com/) and [Andrija Novakovic](https://twitter.com/AndrijaNovakov6). + +> Experimental code, do not use in production. + + +This PoC implements [Sigmabus](https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1406) to prove & verify that $X = x \cdot G \in \mathbb{G}$ for a public input $X \in \mathbb{G}$ and a private input $x \in \mathbb{F}_r$ ($\mathbb{G}$'s ScalarField), while the circuit is defined on $\mathbb{F}_r$ (note that $\mathbb{G}$ coordinates are on $\mathbb{F}_q$ ($\mathbb{G}$'s BaseField)). + +Proving $X = x \cdot G$ with a 'traditional' approach in a zkSNARK circuit, would require non-native arithmetic for computing the scalar multiplication $x \cdot G \in \mathbb{G}$ over $\mathbb{F}_r$, which would take lot of constraints. The number of constraints in the circuit for this Sigmabus instantiation mainly depends on the constraints needed for 2 Poseidon hashes. + +Let $\mathbb{G}$ be [BN254](https://hackmd.io/@jpw/bn254)'s $G1$, an example of usage would be: +```rust +// generate the trusted setup +let params = Sigmabus::::setup(&mut rng, &poseidon_config); + +// compute X = x * G +let x = Fr::rand(&mut rng); +let X = G1Projective::generator().mul(x); + +// generate Sigmabus proof for X==x*G +let mut transcript_p = PoseidonTranscript::::new(&poseidon_config); +let proof = Sigmabus::::prove(&mut rng, ¶ms, &mut transcript_p, x); + +// verify Sigmabus proof for X==x*G +let mut transcript_v = PoseidonTranscript::::new(&poseidon_config); +Sigmabus::::verify(¶ms, &mut transcript_v, proof, X).unwrap(); +``` diff --git a/src/circuits.rs b/src/circuits.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92202f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/circuits.rs @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ +use ark_crypto_primitives::crh::{ + poseidon::constraints::{CRHGadget, CRHParametersVar}, + CRHSchemeGadget, +}; +use ark_crypto_primitives::sponge::{poseidon::PoseidonConfig, Absorb}; +use ark_ec::{AffineRepr, CurveGroup}; +use ark_r1cs_std::{alloc::AllocVar, eq::EqGadget, fields::fp::FpVar}; +use ark_relations::r1cs::{ConstraintSynthesizer, ConstraintSystemRef, SynthesisError}; +use core::marker::PhantomData; + +// CF (ConstraintField) +pub type CF = <::Affine as AffineRepr>::ScalarField; + +#[derive(Debug, Clone)] +pub struct GenZKCircuit { + pub _c: PhantomData, + pub poseidon_config: PoseidonConfig, + // public + pub cm: C::ScalarField, + pub s: C::ScalarField, + pub r_h: C::ScalarField, + pub c: C::ScalarField, + // private + pub x: C::ScalarField, + pub r: C::ScalarField, + pub o_h: C::ScalarField, +} +impl ConstraintSynthesizer> for GenZKCircuit +where + C::ScalarField: Absorb, +{ + fn generate_constraints(self, cs: ConstraintSystemRef>) -> Result<(), SynthesisError> { + // public inputs + let cmVar = FpVar::::new_input(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.cm))?; + let sVar = FpVar::::new_input(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.s))?; + let r_hVar = FpVar::::new_input(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.r_h))?; + let cVar = FpVar::::new_input(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.c))?; + + // private inputs + let xVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.x))?; + let rVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.r))?; + let o_hVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(self.o_h))?; + + let crh_params = + CRHParametersVar::::new_witness( + cs.clone(), + || Ok(self.poseidon_config), + ) + .unwrap(); + + Self::check(&crh_params, cmVar, sVar, r_hVar, cVar, xVar, rVar, o_hVar)?; + + Ok(()) + } +} + +impl GenZKCircuit +where + C::ScalarField: Absorb, +{ + #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)] + pub fn check( + crh_params: &CRHParametersVar, + // public inputs: + cm: FpVar, + s: FpVar, + r_h: FpVar, + c: FpVar, + // private inputs: + x: FpVar, + r: FpVar, + o_h: FpVar, + ) -> Result<(), SynthesisError> { + // cm == Commit(x) (Poseidon) + let computed_cm = CRHGadget::::evaluate(crh_params, &[x.clone()]).unwrap(); + computed_cm.enforce_equal(&cm)?; + + // r_h == HCommit(r, o_h) (Poseidon) + let computed_r_h = + CRHGadget::::evaluate(crh_params, &[r.clone(), o_h.clone()]).unwrap(); + computed_r_h.enforce_equal(&r_h)?; + + // s == r + c * x + s.enforce_equal(&(r + (c * x)))?; + Ok(()) + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +pub mod tests { + use super::*; + use ark_bn254::{Fr, G1Projective}; + use ark_crypto_primitives::sponge::{poseidon::PoseidonSponge, CryptographicSponge}; + use ark_ec::Group; + use ark_r1cs_std::{alloc::AllocVar, fields::fp::FpVar}; + use ark_relations::r1cs::ConstraintSystem; + use ark_std::UniformRand; + use std::ops::Mul; + + use crate::sigmabus::SigmaProof; + use crate::transcript::{tests::poseidon_test_config, PoseidonTranscript}; + + #[test] + fn test_gen_zk() { + let mut rng = ark_std::test_rng(); + + let poseidon_config = poseidon_test_config::(); + let mut transcript = PoseidonTranscript::::new(&poseidon_config); + + let x = Fr::rand(&mut rng); + + // the next lines do the same that is done in Sigmabus::prove but here in the test to have + // access to the internal values: + let mut sponge = PoseidonSponge::::new(&poseidon_config); + sponge.absorb(&x); + let cm: Fr = sponge.squeeze_field_elements(1)[0]; + transcript.absorb(&cm); + + let r = Fr::rand(&mut rng); + let o_h = Fr::rand(&mut rng); + + let R = G1Projective::generator().mul(r); + + let mut sponge = PoseidonSponge::::new(&poseidon_config); + sponge.absorb(&vec![r, o_h]); + + let r_h: Fr = sponge.squeeze_field_elements(1)[0]; + + transcript.absorb_point(&R); + transcript.absorb(&r_h); + let c = transcript.get_challenge(); + + let s = r + c * x; + let sigma_proof = SigmaProof { s, R, r_h }; + // end of Sigmabus::prove + + let cs = ConstraintSystem::::new_ref(); + + // public inputs + let cmVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(cm)).unwrap(); + let sVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(sigma_proof.s)).unwrap(); + let r_hVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(sigma_proof.r_h)).unwrap(); + let cVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(c)).unwrap(); + // private inputs + let xVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(x)).unwrap(); + let rVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(r)).unwrap(); + let o_hVar = FpVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(o_h)).unwrap(); + + let crh_params = + CRHParametersVar::::new_witness(cs.clone(), || Ok(poseidon_config)).unwrap(); + + // GenZK + GenZKCircuit::::check( + &crh_params, + cmVar, + sVar, + r_hVar, + cVar, + xVar, + rVar, + o_hVar, + ) + .unwrap(); + assert!(cs.is_satisfied().unwrap()); + dbg!("num_constraints={:?}", cs.num_constraints()); + } +} diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd958dd --- /dev/null +++ b/src/lib.rs @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +#![allow(non_snake_case)] +#![allow(non_upper_case_globals)] +/// Proof of concept implementation of [Sigmabus](https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1406) as described in section 3 of the paper, using Groth16's zkSNARK scheme. +pub mod circuits; +pub mod sigmabus; +pub mod transcript; + +use thiserror::Error; + +#[derive(Debug, Error)] +pub enum Error { + #[error("SigmaProof verification failed")] + SigmaFail, + #[error("GenZK verification failed")] + GenZKFail, +} diff --git a/src/sigmabus.rs b/src/sigmabus.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42013c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/sigmabus.rs @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +use ark_crypto_primitives::{ + crh::{poseidon::CRH, CRHScheme}, + snark::SNARK, + sponge::{poseidon::PoseidonConfig, Absorb}, +}; +use ark_ec::{pairing::Pairing, CurveGroup, Group}; +use ark_groth16::{Groth16, Proof as Groth16Proof}; +use ark_std::{ + rand::{CryptoRng, Rng}, + UniformRand, Zero, +}; +use std::marker::PhantomData; +use std::ops::Mul; + +use crate::circuits::GenZKCircuit; +use crate::transcript::PoseidonTranscript; +use crate::Error; + +/// Proof represents the Sigmabus proof +pub struct Proof { + cm: E::ScalarField, + sigma_proof: SigmaProof, + zkproof: Groth16Proof, +} + +/// SigmaProof represents the Sigma protocol proof (not Sigmabus proof) +pub struct SigmaProof { + pub s: C::ScalarField, + pub R: C, + pub r_h: C::ScalarField, +} + +pub struct Params { + _e: PhantomData, + poseidon_config: PoseidonConfig, + pk: as SNARK>::ProvingKey, + vk: as SNARK>::VerifyingKey, +} + +/// Sigmabus implements [Sigmabus](https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1406) prover & verifier for proving +/// X=x*G as described in section 3 of the paper, using Groth16's zkSNARK scheme. +pub struct Sigmabus { + _e: PhantomData, +} + +impl Sigmabus +where + E::ScalarField: Absorb, +{ + pub fn setup( + rng: &mut R, + poseidon_config: &PoseidonConfig, + ) -> Params { + let circuit = GenZKCircuit:: { + _c: PhantomData, + poseidon_config: poseidon_config.clone(), + // public + cm: E::ScalarField::zero(), + s: E::ScalarField::zero(), + r_h: E::ScalarField::zero(), + c: E::ScalarField::zero(), + // private + x: E::ScalarField::zero(), + r: E::ScalarField::zero(), + o_h: E::ScalarField::zero(), + }; + + // generate the snark proof + let (pk, vk) = Groth16::::circuit_specific_setup(circuit.clone(), rng).unwrap(); + Params:: { + _e: PhantomData, + poseidon_config: poseidon_config.clone(), + pk, + vk, + } + } + + pub fn prove( + rng: &mut R, + params: &Params, + transcript: &mut PoseidonTranscript, + x: E::ScalarField, + ) -> Result, Error> { + // cm + let cm: E::ScalarField = + CRH::::evaluate(¶ms.poseidon_config, [x]).unwrap(); + transcript.absorb(&cm); + + let r = E::ScalarField::rand(rng); + let o_h = E::ScalarField::rand(rng); + + let R = E::G1::generator().mul(r); + + let r_h: E::ScalarField = + CRH::::evaluate(¶ms.poseidon_config, [r, o_h]).unwrap(); + + transcript.absorb_point(&R); + transcript.absorb(&r_h); + + let c = transcript.get_challenge(); + + let s = r + c * x; + + let circuit = GenZKCircuit:: { + _c: PhantomData, + poseidon_config: params.poseidon_config.clone(), + // public + cm, + s, + r_h, + c, + // private + x, + r, + o_h, + }; + + // generate the snark proof + let zkproof = Groth16::::prove(¶ms.pk, circuit.clone(), rng).unwrap(); + + Ok(Proof { + cm, + sigma_proof: SigmaProof { s, R, r_h }, + zkproof, + }) + } + + pub fn verify( + params: &Params, + transcript: &mut PoseidonTranscript, + proof: Proof, + X: E::G1, + ) -> Result<(), Error> { + let lhs = E::G1::generator().mul(proof.sigma_proof.s); + + transcript.absorb(&proof.cm); + transcript.absorb_point(&proof.sigma_proof.R); + transcript.absorb(&proof.sigma_proof.r_h); + let c = transcript.get_challenge(); + + let rhs = proof.sigma_proof.R + X.mul(c); + + if lhs != rhs { + return Err(Error::SigmaFail); + } + + // verify zkSNARK proof + let public_input = [proof.cm, proof.sigma_proof.s, proof.sigma_proof.r_h, c]; + + let valid_proof = Groth16::::verify(¶ms.vk, &public_input, &proof.zkproof).unwrap(); + if !valid_proof { + return Err(Error::GenZKFail); + } + + Ok(()) + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use super::*; + use ark_bn254::{Bn254, Fr, G1Projective}; + use ark_std::rand::{RngCore, SeedableRng}; + use ark_std::test_rng; + + use crate::transcript::tests::poseidon_test_config; + + #[test] + fn test_sigmabus_prove_verify() { + let mut rng = ark_std::rand::rngs::StdRng::seed_from_u64(test_rng().next_u64()); + let poseidon_config = poseidon_test_config::(); + + // generate the trusted setup + let params = Sigmabus::::setup(&mut rng, &poseidon_config); + + // compute X = x * G + let x = Fr::rand(&mut rng); + let X = G1Projective::generator().mul(x); + + let mut transcript_p = PoseidonTranscript::::new(&poseidon_config); + + // generate Sigmabus proof for X==x*G + let proof = Sigmabus::::prove(&mut rng, ¶ms, &mut transcript_p, x).unwrap(); + + // verify Sigmabus proof for X==x*G + let mut transcript_v = PoseidonTranscript::::new(&poseidon_config); + Sigmabus::::verify(¶ms, &mut transcript_v, proof, X).unwrap(); + } +} diff --git a/src/transcript.rs b/src/transcript.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..84db8b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/transcript.rs @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +use ark_crypto_primitives::sponge::{ + poseidon::{PoseidonConfig, PoseidonSponge}, + Absorb, CryptographicSponge, +}; +use ark_ec::{AffineRepr, CurveGroup, Group}; +use ark_ff::{BigInteger, Field, PrimeField}; + +pub struct PoseidonTranscript +where + ::ScalarField: Absorb, +{ + sponge: PoseidonSponge, +} + +impl PoseidonTranscript +where + ::ScalarField: Absorb, +{ + pub fn new(poseidon_config: &PoseidonConfig) -> Self { + let sponge = PoseidonSponge::::new(poseidon_config); + Self { sponge } + } + pub fn absorb(&mut self, v: &C::ScalarField) { + self.sponge.absorb(&v); + } + pub fn absorb_point(&mut self, p: &C) { + self.sponge.absorb(&prepare_point(p)); + } + pub fn get_challenge(&mut self) -> C::ScalarField { + let c = self.sponge.squeeze_field_elements(1); + self.sponge.absorb(&c[0]); + c[0] + } +} + +// Returns the point coordinates in Fr, so it can be absrobed by the transcript. It does not work +// over bytes in order to have a logic that can be reproduced in-circuit. +fn prepare_point(p: &C) -> Vec { + let binding = p.into_affine(); + let p_coords = &binding.xy().unwrap(); + let x_bi = p_coords + .0 + .to_base_prime_field_elements() + .next() + .expect("a") + .into_bigint(); + let y_bi = p_coords + .1 + .to_base_prime_field_elements() + .next() + .expect("a") + .into_bigint(); + vec![ + C::ScalarField::from_le_bytes_mod_order(x_bi.to_bytes_le().as_ref()), + C::ScalarField::from_le_bytes_mod_order(y_bi.to_bytes_le().as_ref()), + ] +} + +#[cfg(test)] +pub mod tests { + use super::*; + use ark_crypto_primitives::sponge::poseidon::find_poseidon_ark_and_mds; + + /// WARNING the method poseidon_test_config is for tests only + #[cfg(test)] + pub fn poseidon_test_config() -> PoseidonConfig { + let full_rounds = 8; + let partial_rounds = 31; + let alpha = 5; + let rate = 2; + + let (ark, mds) = find_poseidon_ark_and_mds::( + F::MODULUS_BIT_SIZE as u64, + rate, + full_rounds, + partial_rounds, + 0, + ); + + PoseidonConfig::new( + full_rounds as usize, + partial_rounds as usize, + alpha, + mds, + ark, + rate, + 1, + ) + } +}