gnark-plonky2-verifier/field/quadratic_extension.go
field/quadratic_extension.goRaw
1package field
2
3import (
4 "math/bits"
5
6 "github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto/field/goldilocks"
7 "github.com/consensys/gnark/frontend"
8)
9
10const D = 2
11
12type QuadraticExtension = [2]F
13type QEAlgebra = [D]QuadraticExtension
14
15type QuadraticExtensionAPI struct {
16 api frontend.API
17 fieldAPI FieldAPI
18
19 W F
20 DTH_ROOT F
21
22 ONE_QE QuadraticExtension
23 ZERO_QE QuadraticExtension
24
25 ZERO_QE_ALGEBRA QEAlgebra
26}
27
28func NewQuadraticExtensionAPI(api frontend.API, fieldAPI FieldAPI) *QuadraticExtensionAPI {
29 var ZERO_QE = QuadraticExtension{ZERO_F, ZERO_F}
30
31 var ZERO_QE_ALGEBRA QEAlgebra
32
33 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
34 ZERO_QE_ALGEBRA[i] = ZERO_QE
35 }
36
37 return &QuadraticExtensionAPI{
38 api: api,
39 fieldAPI: fieldAPI,
40
41 W: NewFieldConst(7),
42 DTH_ROOT: NewFieldConst(18446744069414584320),
43
44 ONE_QE: QuadraticExtension{ONE_F, ZERO_F},
45 ZERO_QE: ZERO_QE,
46
47 ZERO_QE_ALGEBRA: ZERO_QE_ALGEBRA,
48 }
49}
50
51func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) SquareExtension(a QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
52 return c.MulExtension(a, a)
53}
54
55func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) MulExtension(a QuadraticExtension, b QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
56 c_0 := c.fieldAPI.Add(c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[0], b[0]), c.fieldAPI.Mul(c.fieldAPI.Mul(c.W, a[1]), b[1]))
57 c_1 := c.fieldAPI.Add(c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[0], b[1]), c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[1], b[0]))
58 return QuadraticExtension{c_0, c_1}
59}
60
61func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) AddExtension(a QuadraticExtension, b QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
62 c_0 := c.fieldAPI.Add(a[0], b[0])
63 c_1 := c.fieldAPI.Add(a[1], b[1])
64 return QuadraticExtension{c_0, c_1}
65}
66
67func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) SubExtension(a QuadraticExtension, b QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
68 c_0 := c.fieldAPI.Sub(a[0], b[0])
69 c_1 := c.fieldAPI.Sub(a[1], b[1])
70 return QuadraticExtension{c_0, c_1}
71}
72
73func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) DivExtension(a QuadraticExtension, b QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
74 return c.MulExtension(a, c.InverseExtension(b))
75}
76
77func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) IsZero(a QuadraticExtension) frontend.Variable {
78 return c.api.Mul(IsZero(c.api, c.fieldAPI, a[0]), IsZero(c.api, c.fieldAPI, a[1]))
79}
80
81// TODO: Instead of calculating the inverse within the circuit, can witness the
82// inverse and assert that a_inverse * a = 1. Should reduce # of constraints.
83func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) InverseExtension(a QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
84 // First assert that a doesn't have 0 value coefficients
85 a0_is_zero := IsZero(c.api, c.fieldAPI, a[0])
86 a1_is_zero := IsZero(c.api, c.fieldAPI, a[1])
87
88 // assert that a0_is_zero OR a1_is_zero == false
89 c.api.AssertIsEqual(c.api.Mul(a0_is_zero, a1_is_zero), frontend.Variable(0))
90
91 a_pow_r_minus_1 := QuadraticExtension{a[0], c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[1], c.DTH_ROOT)}
92 a_pow_r := c.MulExtension(a_pow_r_minus_1, a)
93 return c.ScalarMulExtension(a_pow_r_minus_1, c.fieldAPI.Inverse(a_pow_r[0]))
94}
95
96func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) ScalarMulExtension(a QuadraticExtension, scalar F) QuadraticExtension {
97 return QuadraticExtension{c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[0], scalar), c.fieldAPI.Mul(a[1], scalar)}
98}
99
100func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) FieldToQE(a F) QuadraticExtension {
101 return QuadraticExtension{a, ZERO_F}
102}
103
104// / Exponentiate `base` to the power of a known `exponent`.
105func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) ExpU64Extension(a QuadraticExtension, exponent uint64) QuadraticExtension {
106 switch exponent {
107 case 0:
108 return c.ONE_QE
109 case 1:
110 return a
111 case 2:
112 return c.SquareExtension(a)
113 default:
114 }
115
116 current := a
117 product := c.ONE_QE
118
119 for i := 0; i < bits.Len64(exponent); i++ {
120 if i != 0 {
121 current = c.SquareExtension(current)
122 }
123
124 if (exponent >> i & 1) != 0 {
125 product = c.MulExtension(product, current)
126 }
127 }
128
129 return product
130}
131
132func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) ReduceWithPowers(terms []QuadraticExtension, scalar QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
133 sum := c.ZERO_QE
134
135 for i := len(terms) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
136 sum = c.AddExtension(
137 c.MulExtension(
138 sum,
139 scalar,
140 ),
141 terms[i],
142 )
143 }
144
145 return sum
146}
147
148func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) Select(b frontend.Variable, qe0, qe1 QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
149 var retQE QuadraticExtension
150
151 for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
152 retQE[i] = c.fieldAPI.Select(b, qe0[i], qe1[i])
153 }
154
155 return retQE
156}
157
158func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) Lookup2(b0 frontend.Variable, b1 frontend.Variable, qe0, qe1, qe2, qe3 QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
159 var retQE QuadraticExtension
160
161 for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
162 retQE[i] = c.fieldAPI.Lookup2(b0, b1, qe0[i], qe1[i], qe2[i], qe3[i])
163 }
164
165 return retQE
166}
167
168func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) AssertIsEqual(a, b QuadraticExtension) {
169 for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
170 c.fieldAPI.AssertIsEqual(a[i], b[i])
171 }
172}
173
174func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) InnerProductExtension(constant F, startingAcc QuadraticExtension, pairs [][2]QuadraticExtension) QuadraticExtension {
175 acc := startingAcc
176
177 for i := 0; i < len(pairs); i++ {
178 a := pairs[i][0]
179 b := pairs[i][1]
180 mul := c.ScalarMulExtension(a, constant)
181 mul = c.MulExtension(mul, b)
182 acc = c.AddExtension(acc, mul)
183 }
184
185 return acc
186}
187
188/*
189func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) Println(a QuadraticExtension) {
190 fmt.Print("Degree 0 coefficient")
191 c.fieldAPI.Println(a[0])
192
193 fmt.Print("Degree 1 coefficient")
194 c.fieldAPI.Println(a[1])
195}
196*/
197
198func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) MulExtensionAlgebra(a, b QEAlgebra) QEAlgebra {
199 var inner [D][][2]QuadraticExtension
200 var inner_w [D][][2]QuadraticExtension
201 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
202 for j := 0; j < D-i; j++ {
203 idx := (i + j) % D
204 inner[idx] = append(inner[idx], [2]QuadraticExtension{a[i], b[j]})
205 }
206 for j := D - i; j < D; j++ {
207 idx := (i + j) % D
208 inner_w[idx] = append(inner_w[idx], [2]QuadraticExtension{a[i], b[j]})
209 }
210 }
211
212 var product QEAlgebra
213 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
214 acc := c.InnerProductExtension(c.W, c.ZERO_QE, inner_w[i])
215 product[i] = c.InnerProductExtension(ONE_F, acc, inner[i])
216 }
217
218 return product
219}
220
221func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) ScalarMulExtensionAlgebra(a QuadraticExtension, b QEAlgebra) QEAlgebra {
222 var product QEAlgebra
223 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
224 product[i] = c.MulExtension(a, b[i])
225 }
226
227 return product
228}
229
230func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) AddExtensionAlgebra(a, b QEAlgebra) QEAlgebra {
231 var sum QEAlgebra
232 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
233 sum[i] = c.AddExtension(a[i], b[i])
234 }
235
236 return sum
237}
238
239func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) SubExtensionAlgebra(a, b QEAlgebra) QEAlgebra {
240 var diff QEAlgebra
241 for i := 0; i < D; i++ {
242 diff[i] = c.SubExtension(a[i], b[i])
243 }
244
245 return diff
246}
247
248func (c *QuadraticExtensionAPI) PartialInterpolateExtAlgebra(
249 domain []goldilocks.Element,
250 values []QEAlgebra,
251 barycentricWeights []goldilocks.Element,
252 point QEAlgebra,
253 initialEval QEAlgebra,
254 initialPartialProd QEAlgebra,
255) (QEAlgebra, QEAlgebra) {
256 n := len(values)
257 if n == 0 {
258 panic("Cannot interpolate with no values")
259 }
260 if n != len(domain) {
261 panic("Domain and values must have the same length")
262 }
263 if n != len(barycentricWeights) {
264 panic("Domain and barycentric weights must have the same length")
265 }
266
267 newEval := initialEval
268 newPartialProd := initialPartialProd
269 for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
270 val := values[i]
271 x := domain[i]
272 xField := NewFieldConst(x.Uint64())
273 xQE := QuadraticExtension{xField, ZERO_F}
274 xQEAlgebra := QEAlgebra{xQE, c.ZERO_QE}
275 weight := QuadraticExtension{NewFieldConst(barycentricWeights[i].Uint64()), ZERO_F}
276 term := c.SubExtensionAlgebra(point, xQEAlgebra)
277 weightedVal := c.ScalarMulExtensionAlgebra(weight, val)
278 newEval = c.MulExtensionAlgebra(newEval, term)
279 tmp := c.MulExtensionAlgebra(weightedVal, newPartialProd)
280 newEval = c.AddExtensionAlgebra(newEval, tmp)
281 newPartialProd = c.MulExtensionAlgebra(newPartialProd, term)
282 }
283
284 return newEval, newPartialProd
285}