Browse Source
Spartan variant with an IPA-based polynomial commitment scheme for compressing IVC proofs (#80)
* cleanup code * compiles * additional plumbing * add padding * Add missing file * integrate * add a separate test * cleanup * cleanup * add checks for outer sum-check * sum-checks pass * sum-checks pass * sum-checks pass * Add polycommit checks to the end * switch to pasta_msm * clippy * remove int_log * switch to pasta_curves * clippy * clippy * add a special case for bases.len() = 1 * use naive MSM to avoid SIGFE error for smaller MSMs * add rayon parallelism to naive MSM * update comment since we already implement it * address clippy * cleanup map and reduce code * add parallelism to final SNARK creation and verification * add par * add par * add par * add par * store padded shapes in the parameters * Address clippy * pass padded shape in params * pass padded shape in params * cargo fmt * add par * add par * Add par * cleanup with a reorg * factor out spartan-based snark into a separate module * create traits for RelaxedR1CSSNARK * make CompressedSNARK parameterized by a SNARK satisfying our new trait * fix benches * cleanup code * remove unused * move code to Spartan-based SNARK * make unused function private * rename IPA types for clarity * cleanup * return error types; rename r_j to r_i * fix duplicate codemain
Srinath Setty
2 years ago
committed by
GitHub
GitHub
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG Key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
15 changed files with 1781 additions and 136 deletions
Unified View
Diff Options
-
+8 -14benches/compressed-snark.rs
-
+0 -4benches/recursive-snark.rs
-
+4 -11src/circuit.rs
-
+92 -3src/commitments.rs
-
+4 -0src/errors.rs
-
+198 -64src/lib.rs
-
+1 -0src/nifs.rs
-
+29 -4src/pasta.rs
-
+128 -32src/r1cs.rs
-
+47 -0src/snark.rs
-
+399 -0src/spartan_with_ipa_pc/ipa.rs
-
+381 -0src/spartan_with_ipa_pc/mod.rs
-
+150 -0src/spartan_with_ipa_pc/polynomial.rs
-
+331 -0src/spartan_with_ipa_pc/sumcheck.rs
-
+9 -4src/traits.rs
@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ |
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//! A collection of traits that define the behavior of a zkSNARK for RelaxedR1CS
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use super::{
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errors::NovaError,
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r1cs::{R1CSGens, R1CSShape, RelaxedR1CSInstance, RelaxedR1CSWitness},
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traits::Group,
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};
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/// A trait that defines the behavior of a zkSNARK's prover key
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pub trait ProverKeyTrait<G: Group>: Send + Sync {
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/// Produces a new prover's key
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fn new(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self;
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}
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/// A trait that defines the behavior of a zkSNARK's verifier key
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pub trait VerifierKeyTrait<G: Group>: Send + Sync {
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/// Produces a new verifier's key
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fn new(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self;
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}
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/// A trait that defines the behavior of a zkSNARK
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pub trait RelaxedR1CSSNARKTrait<G: Group>: Sized + Send + Sync {
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/// A type that represents the prover's key
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type ProverKey: ProverKeyTrait<G>;
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/// A type that represents the verifier's key
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type VerifierKey: VerifierKeyTrait<G>;
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/// Produces a prover key
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fn prover_key(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self::ProverKey {
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Self::ProverKey::new(gens, S)
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}
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/// Produces a verifier key
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fn verifier_key(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self::VerifierKey {
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Self::VerifierKey::new(gens, S)
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}
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/// Produces a new SNARK for a relaxed R1CS
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fn prove(
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pk: &Self::ProverKey,
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U: &RelaxedR1CSInstance<G>,
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W: &RelaxedR1CSWitness<G>,
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) -> Result<Self, NovaError>;
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/// Verifies a SNARK for a relaxed R1CS
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fn verify(&self, vk: &Self::VerifierKey, U: &RelaxedR1CSInstance<G>) -> Result<(), NovaError>;
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}
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@ -0,0 +1,399 @@ |
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#![allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
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use crate::commitments::{CommitGens, CommitTrait, Commitment, CompressedCommitment};
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use crate::errors::NovaError;
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use crate::traits::{AppendToTranscriptTrait, ChallengeTrait, Group};
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use core::iter;
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use ff::Field;
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use merlin::Transcript;
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use rayon::prelude::*;
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use std::marker::PhantomData;
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pub fn inner_product<T>(a: &[T], b: &[T]) -> T
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where
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T: Field + Send + Sync,
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{
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assert_eq!(a.len(), b.len());
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(0..a.len())
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.into_par_iter()
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.map(|i| a[i] * b[i])
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.reduce(T::zero, |x, y| x + y)
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}
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/// An inner product instance consists of a commitment to a vector `a` and another vector `b`
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/// and the claim that c = <a, b>.
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pub struct InnerProductInstance<G: Group> {
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comm_a_vec: Commitment<G>,
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b_vec: Vec<G::Scalar>,
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c: G::Scalar,
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}
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impl<G: Group> InnerProductInstance<G> {
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pub fn new(comm_a_vec: &Commitment<G>, b_vec: &[G::Scalar], c: &G::Scalar) -> Self {
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InnerProductInstance {
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comm_a_vec: *comm_a_vec,
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|
b_vec: b_vec.to_vec(),
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c: *c,
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}
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}
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}
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pub struct InnerProductWitness<G: Group> {
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a_vec: Vec<G::Scalar>,
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}
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impl<G: Group> InnerProductWitness<G> {
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|
pub fn new(a_vec: &[G::Scalar]) -> Self {
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InnerProductWitness {
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|
a_vec: a_vec.to_vec(),
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|
}
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|
}
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}
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/// A non-interactive folding scheme (NIFS) for inner product relations
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pub struct NIFSForInnerProduct<G: Group> {
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cross_term: G::Scalar,
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}
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impl<G: Group> NIFSForInnerProduct<G> {
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pub fn protocol_name() -> &'static [u8] {
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b"NIFSForInnerProduct"
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}
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pub fn prove(
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U1: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
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W1: &InnerProductWitness<G>,
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U2: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
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W2: &InnerProductWitness<G>,
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transcript: &mut Transcript,
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) -> (Self, InnerProductInstance<G>, InnerProductWitness<G>) {
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transcript.append_message(b"protocol-name", Self::protocol_name());
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// add the two commitments and two public vectors to the transcript
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U1.comm_a_vec
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.append_to_transcript(b"U1_comm_a_vec", transcript);
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U1.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"U1_b_vec", transcript);
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U2.comm_a_vec
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.append_to_transcript(b"U2_comm_a_vec", transcript);
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U2.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"U2_b_vec", transcript);
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|
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// compute the cross-term
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let cross_term = inner_product(&W1.a_vec, &U2.b_vec) + inner_product(&W2.a_vec, &U1.b_vec);
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|
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// add the cross-term to the transcript
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|
cross_term.append_to_transcript(b"cross_term", transcript);
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|
// obtain a random challenge
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let r = G::Scalar::challenge(b"r", transcript);
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|
// fold the vectors and their inner product
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|
let a_vec = W1
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|
.a_vec
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|
.par_iter()
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.zip(W2.a_vec.par_iter())
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|
.map(|(x1, x2)| *x1 + r * x2)
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
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|
let b_vec = U1
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|
.b_vec
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|
.par_iter()
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|
.zip(U2.b_vec.par_iter())
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|
.map(|(a1, a2)| *a1 + r * a2)
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
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|
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|
let c = U1.c + r * r * U2.c + r * cross_term;
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|
let comm_a_vec = U1.comm_a_vec + U2.comm_a_vec * r;
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|
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|
let W = InnerProductWitness { a_vec };
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|
let U = InnerProductInstance {
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|
comm_a_vec,
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|
b_vec,
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|
c,
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};
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|
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|
(NIFSForInnerProduct { cross_term }, U, W)
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}
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|
pub fn verify(
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|
&self,
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U1: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
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U2: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
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|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
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|
) -> InnerProductInstance<G> {
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|
transcript.append_message(b"protocol-name", Self::protocol_name());
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|
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|
// add the two commitments and two public vectors to the transcript
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|
U1.comm_a_vec
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|
.append_to_transcript(b"U1_comm_a_vec", transcript);
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|
U1.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"U1_b_vec", transcript);
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|
U2.comm_a_vec
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|
.append_to_transcript(b"U2_comm_a_vec", transcript);
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|
U2.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"U2_b_vec", transcript);
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|
|
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|
// add the cross-term to the transcript
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|
self
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|
.cross_term
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|
.append_to_transcript(b"cross_term", transcript);
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|
|
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|
// obtain a random challenge
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|
let r = G::Scalar::challenge(b"r", transcript);
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|
|
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|
// fold the vectors and their inner product
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|
let b_vec = U1
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|
.b_vec
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|
.par_iter()
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|
.zip(U2.b_vec.par_iter())
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|
.map(|(a1, a2)| *a1 + r * a2)
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
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|
let c = U1.c + r * r * U2.c + r * self.cross_term;
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|
let comm_a_vec = U1.comm_a_vec + U2.comm_a_vec * r;
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|
|
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|
InnerProductInstance {
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|
comm_a_vec,
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|
b_vec,
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|
c,
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|
}
|
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|
}
|
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|
}
|
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|
|
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|
/// An inner product argument
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|
#[derive(Debug)]
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|
pub struct InnerProductArgument<G: Group> {
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|
L_vec: Vec<CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>>,
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|
R_vec: Vec<CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>>,
|
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|
a_hat: G::Scalar,
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|
_p: PhantomData<G>,
|
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|
}
|
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|
|
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|
impl<G: Group> InnerProductArgument<G> {
|
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|
fn protocol_name() -> &'static [u8] {
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|
b"inner product argument"
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|
}
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|
|
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|
pub fn prove(
|
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|
gens: &CommitGens<G>,
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|
gens_c: &CommitGens<G>,
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|
U: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
|
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|
W: &InnerProductWitness<G>,
|
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|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
|
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|
) -> Result<Self, NovaError> {
|
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|
transcript.append_message(b"protocol-name", Self::protocol_name());
|
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|
|
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|
if U.b_vec.len() != W.a_vec.len() {
|
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|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidInputLength);
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|
}
|
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|
|
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|
U.comm_a_vec.append_to_transcript(b"comm_a_vec", transcript);
|
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|
U.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"b_vec", transcript);
|
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|
U.c.append_to_transcript(b"c", transcript);
|
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|
|
||||
|
// sample a random base for commiting to the inner product
|
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|
let r = G::Scalar::challenge(b"r", transcript);
|
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|
let gens_c = gens_c.scale(&r);
|
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|
|
||||
|
// a closure that executes a step of the recursive inner product argument
|
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|
let prove_inner = |a_vec: &[G::Scalar],
|
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|
b_vec: &[G::Scalar],
|
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|
gens: &CommitGens<G>,
|
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|
transcript: &mut Transcript|
|
||||
|
-> Result<
|
||||
|
(
|
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|
CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>,
|
||||
|
CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>,
|
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|
Vec<G::Scalar>,
|
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|
Vec<G::Scalar>,
|
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|
CommitGens<G>,
|
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|
),
|
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|
NovaError,
|
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|
> {
|
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|
let n = a_vec.len();
|
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|
let (gens_L, gens_R) = gens.split_at(n / 2);
|
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|
|
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|
let c_L = inner_product(&a_vec[0..n / 2], &b_vec[n / 2..n]);
|
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|
let c_R = inner_product(&a_vec[n / 2..n], &b_vec[0..n / 2]);
|
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|
|
||||
|
let L = a_vec[0..n / 2]
|
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|
.iter()
|
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|
.chain(iter::once(&c_L))
|
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|
.copied()
|
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>()
|
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|
.commit(&gens_R.combine(&gens_c))
|
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|
.compress();
|
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|
let R = a_vec[n / 2..n]
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|
.iter()
|
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|
.chain(iter::once(&c_R))
|
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|
.copied()
|
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>()
|
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|
.commit(&gens_L.combine(&gens_c))
|
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|
.compress();
|
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|
|
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|
L.append_to_transcript(b"L", transcript);
|
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|
R.append_to_transcript(b"R", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
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|
let r = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_r", transcript);
|
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|
let r_inverse = r.invert().unwrap();
|
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|
|
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|
// fold the left half and the right half
|
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|
let a_vec_folded = a_vec[0..n / 2]
|
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|
.par_iter()
|
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|
.zip(a_vec[n / 2..n].par_iter())
|
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|
.map(|(a_L, a_R)| *a_L * r + r_inverse * *a_R)
|
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|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let b_vec_folded = b_vec[0..n / 2]
|
||||
|
.par_iter()
|
||||
|
.zip(b_vec[n / 2..n].par_iter())
|
||||
|
.map(|(b_L, b_R)| *b_L * r_inverse + r * *b_R)
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let gens_folded = gens.fold(&r_inverse, &r);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok((L, R, a_vec_folded, b_vec_folded, gens_folded))
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// two vectors to hold the logarithmic number of group elements
|
||||
|
let mut L_vec: Vec<CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
let mut R_vec: Vec<CompressedCommitment<G::CompressedGroupElement>> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// we create mutable copies of vectors and generators
|
||||
|
let mut a_vec = W.a_vec.to_vec();
|
||||
|
let mut b_vec = U.b_vec.to_vec();
|
||||
|
let mut gens = gens.clone();
|
||||
|
for _i in 0..(U.b_vec.len() as f64).log2() as usize {
|
||||
|
let (L, R, a_vec_folded, b_vec_folded, gens_folded) =
|
||||
|
prove_inner(&a_vec, &b_vec, &gens, transcript)?;
|
||||
|
L_vec.push(L);
|
||||
|
R_vec.push(R);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
a_vec = a_vec_folded;
|
||||
|
b_vec = b_vec_folded;
|
||||
|
gens = gens_folded;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok(InnerProductArgument {
|
||||
|
L_vec,
|
||||
|
R_vec,
|
||||
|
a_hat: a_vec[0],
|
||||
|
_p: Default::default(),
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn verify(
|
||||
|
&self,
|
||||
|
gens: &CommitGens<G>,
|
||||
|
gens_c: &CommitGens<G>,
|
||||
|
n: usize,
|
||||
|
U: &InnerProductInstance<G>,
|
||||
|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
|
||||
|
) -> Result<(), NovaError> {
|
||||
|
transcript.append_message(b"protocol-name", Self::protocol_name());
|
||||
|
if U.b_vec.len() != n
|
||||
|
|| n != (1 << self.L_vec.len())
|
||||
|
|| self.L_vec.len() != self.R_vec.len()
|
||||
|
|| self.L_vec.len() >= 32
|
||||
|
{
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidInputLength);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
U.comm_a_vec.append_to_transcript(b"comm_a_vec", transcript);
|
||||
|
U.b_vec.append_to_transcript(b"b_vec", transcript);
|
||||
|
U.c.append_to_transcript(b"c", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// sample a random base for commiting to the inner product
|
||||
|
let r = G::Scalar::challenge(b"r", transcript);
|
||||
|
let gens_c = gens_c.scale(&r);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let P = U.comm_a_vec + [U.c].commit(&gens_c);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let batch_invert = |v: &[G::Scalar]| -> Result<Vec<G::Scalar>, NovaError> {
|
||||
|
let mut products = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); v.len()];
|
||||
|
let mut acc = G::Scalar::one();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
for i in 0..v.len() {
|
||||
|
products[i] = acc;
|
||||
|
acc *= v[i];
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// we can compute an inversion only if acc is non-zero
|
||||
|
if acc == G::Scalar::zero() {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidInputLength);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// compute the inverse once for all entries
|
||||
|
acc = acc.invert().unwrap();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let mut inv = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); v.len()];
|
||||
|
for i in 0..v.len() {
|
||||
|
let tmp = acc * v[v.len() - 1 - i];
|
||||
|
inv[v.len() - 1 - i] = products[v.len() - 1 - i] * acc;
|
||||
|
acc = tmp;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok(inv)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// compute a vector of public coins using self.L_vec and self.R_vec
|
||||
|
let r = (0..self.L_vec.len())
|
||||
|
.map(|i| {
|
||||
|
self.L_vec[i].append_to_transcript(b"L", transcript);
|
||||
|
self.R_vec[i].append_to_transcript(b"R", transcript);
|
||||
|
G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_r", transcript)
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// precompute scalars necessary for verification
|
||||
|
let r_square: Vec<G::Scalar> = (0..self.L_vec.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| r[i] * r[i])
|
||||
|
.collect();
|
||||
|
let r_inverse = batch_invert(&r)?;
|
||||
|
let r_inverse_square: Vec<G::Scalar> = (0..self.L_vec.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| r_inverse[i] * r_inverse[i])
|
||||
|
.collect();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// compute the vector with the tensor structure
|
||||
|
let s = {
|
||||
|
let mut s = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); n];
|
||||
|
s[0] = {
|
||||
|
let mut v = G::Scalar::one();
|
||||
|
for r_inverse_i in &r_inverse {
|
||||
|
v *= r_inverse_i;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
v
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
for i in 1..n {
|
||||
|
let pos_in_r = (31 - (i as u32).leading_zeros()) as usize;
|
||||
|
s[i] = s[i - (1 << pos_in_r)] * r_square[(self.L_vec.len() - 1) - pos_in_r];
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
s
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let gens_hat = {
|
||||
|
let c = s.commit(gens).compress();
|
||||
|
CommitGens::reinterpret_commitments_as_gens(&[c])?
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let b_hat = inner_product(&U.b_vec, &s);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let P_hat = {
|
||||
|
let gens_folded = {
|
||||
|
let gens_L = CommitGens::reinterpret_commitments_as_gens(&self.L_vec)?;
|
||||
|
let gens_R = CommitGens::reinterpret_commitments_as_gens(&self.R_vec)?;
|
||||
|
let gens_P = CommitGens::reinterpret_commitments_as_gens(&[P.compress()])?;
|
||||
|
gens_L.combine(&gens_R).combine(&gens_P)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
r_square
|
||||
|
.iter()
|
||||
|
.chain(r_inverse_square.iter())
|
||||
|
.chain(iter::once(&G::Scalar::one()))
|
||||
|
.copied()
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>()
|
||||
|
.commit(&gens_folded)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
if P_hat == [self.a_hat, self.a_hat * b_hat].commit(&gens_hat.combine(&gens_c)) {
|
||||
|
Ok(())
|
||||
|
} else {
|
||||
|
Err(NovaError::InvalidIPA)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,381 @@ |
|||||
|
//! This module implements RelaxedR1CSSNARKTrait using a Spartan variant
|
||||
|
//! instantiated with an IPA-based polynomial commitment scheme
|
||||
|
mod ipa;
|
||||
|
mod polynomial;
|
||||
|
mod sumcheck;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
use super::{
|
||||
|
commitments::CommitGens,
|
||||
|
errors::NovaError,
|
||||
|
r1cs::{R1CSGens, R1CSShape, RelaxedR1CSInstance, RelaxedR1CSWitness},
|
||||
|
snark::{ProverKeyTrait, RelaxedR1CSSNARKTrait, VerifierKeyTrait},
|
||||
|
traits::{AppendToTranscriptTrait, ChallengeTrait, Group},
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
use core::cmp::max;
|
||||
|
use ff::Field;
|
||||
|
use ipa::{InnerProductArgument, InnerProductInstance, InnerProductWitness, NIFSForInnerProduct};
|
||||
|
use itertools::concat;
|
||||
|
use merlin::Transcript;
|
||||
|
use polynomial::{EqPolynomial, MultilinearPolynomial, SparsePolynomial};
|
||||
|
use rayon::prelude::*;
|
||||
|
use sumcheck::SumcheckProof;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
/// A type that represents the prover's key
|
||||
|
pub struct ProverKey<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
gens_r1cs: R1CSGens<G>,
|
||||
|
gens_ipa: CommitGens<G>,
|
||||
|
S: R1CSShape<G>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> ProverKeyTrait<G> for ProverKey<G> {
|
||||
|
fn new(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self {
|
||||
|
ProverKey {
|
||||
|
gens_r1cs: gens.clone(),
|
||||
|
gens_ipa: CommitGens::new(b"ipa", 1),
|
||||
|
S: S.clone(),
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
/// A type that represents the verifier's key
|
||||
|
pub struct VerifierKey<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
gens_r1cs: R1CSGens<G>,
|
||||
|
gens_ipa: CommitGens<G>,
|
||||
|
S: R1CSShape<G>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> VerifierKeyTrait<G> for VerifierKey<G> {
|
||||
|
fn new(gens: &R1CSGens<G>, S: &R1CSShape<G>) -> Self {
|
||||
|
VerifierKey {
|
||||
|
gens_r1cs: gens.clone(),
|
||||
|
gens_ipa: CommitGens::new(b"ipa", 1),
|
||||
|
S: S.clone(),
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
/// A succinct proof of knowledge of a witness to a relaxed R1CS instance
|
||||
|
/// The proof is produced using Spartan's combination of the sum-check and
|
||||
|
/// the commitment to a vector viewed as a polynomial commitment
|
||||
|
pub struct RelaxedR1CSSNARK<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
sc_proof_outer: SumcheckProof<G>,
|
||||
|
claims_outer: (G::Scalar, G::Scalar, G::Scalar),
|
||||
|
sc_proof_inner: SumcheckProof<G>,
|
||||
|
eval_E: G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
eval_W: G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
nifs_ip: NIFSForInnerProduct<G>,
|
||||
|
ipa: InnerProductArgument<G>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> RelaxedR1CSSNARKTrait<G> for RelaxedR1CSSNARK<G> {
|
||||
|
type ProverKey = ProverKey<G>;
|
||||
|
type VerifierKey = VerifierKey<G>;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
/// produces a succinct proof of satisfiability of a RelaxedR1CS instance
|
||||
|
fn prove(
|
||||
|
pk: &Self::ProverKey,
|
||||
|
U: &RelaxedR1CSInstance<G>,
|
||||
|
W: &RelaxedR1CSWitness<G>,
|
||||
|
) -> Result<Self, NovaError> {
|
||||
|
let mut transcript = Transcript::new(b"RelaxedR1CSSNARK");
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
debug_assert!(pk.S.is_sat_relaxed(&pk.gens_r1cs, U, W).is_ok());
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// sanity check that R1CSShape has certain size characteristics
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(pk.S.num_cons.next_power_of_two(), pk.S.num_cons);
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(pk.S.num_vars.next_power_of_two(), pk.S.num_vars);
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(pk.S.num_io.next_power_of_two(), pk.S.num_io);
|
||||
|
assert!(pk.S.num_io < pk.S.num_vars);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// append the R1CSShape and RelaxedR1CSInstance to the transcript
|
||||
|
pk.S.append_to_transcript(b"S", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
U.append_to_transcript(b"U", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// compute the full satisfying assignment by concatenating W.W, U.u, and U.X
|
||||
|
let mut z = concat(vec![W.W.clone(), vec![U.u], U.X.clone()]);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (num_rounds_x, num_rounds_y) = (
|
||||
|
(pk.S.num_cons as f64).log2() as usize,
|
||||
|
((pk.S.num_vars as f64).log2() as usize + 1) as usize,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// outer sum-check
|
||||
|
let tau = (0..num_rounds_x)
|
||||
|
.map(|_i| G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_tau", &mut transcript))
|
||||
|
.collect();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let mut poly_tau = MultilinearPolynomial::new(EqPolynomial::new(tau).evals());
|
||||
|
let (mut poly_Az, mut poly_Bz, poly_Cz, mut poly_uCz_E) = {
|
||||
|
let (poly_Az, poly_Bz, poly_Cz) = pk.S.multiply_vec(&z)?;
|
||||
|
let poly_uCz_E = (0..pk.S.num_cons)
|
||||
|
.map(|i| U.u * poly_Cz[i] + W.E[i])
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
|
||||
|
(
|
||||
|
MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_Az),
|
||||
|
MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_Bz),
|
||||
|
MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_Cz),
|
||||
|
MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_uCz_E),
|
||||
|
)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let comb_func_outer =
|
||||
|
|poly_A_comp: &G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
poly_B_comp: &G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
poly_C_comp: &G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
poly_D_comp: &G::Scalar|
|
||||
|
-> G::Scalar { *poly_A_comp * (*poly_B_comp * *poly_C_comp - *poly_D_comp) };
|
||||
|
let (sc_proof_outer, r_x, claims_outer) = SumcheckProof::prove_cubic_with_additive_term(
|
||||
|
&G::Scalar::zero(), // claim is zero
|
||||
|
num_rounds_x,
|
||||
|
&mut poly_tau,
|
||||
|
&mut poly_Az,
|
||||
|
&mut poly_Bz,
|
||||
|
&mut poly_uCz_E,
|
||||
|
comb_func_outer,
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// claims from the end of sum-check
|
||||
|
let (claim_Az, claim_Bz): (G::Scalar, G::Scalar) = (claims_outer[1], claims_outer[2]);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
claim_Az.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Az", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
claim_Bz.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Bz", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let claim_Cz = poly_Cz.evaluate(&r_x);
|
||||
|
let eval_E = MultilinearPolynomial::new(W.E.clone()).evaluate(&r_x);
|
||||
|
claim_Cz.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Cz", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
eval_E.append_to_transcript(b"eval_E", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// inner sum-check
|
||||
|
let r_A = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rA", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let r_B = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rB", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let r_C = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rC", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let claim_inner_joint = r_A * claim_Az + r_B * claim_Bz + r_C * claim_Cz;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let poly_ABC = {
|
||||
|
// compute the initial evaluation table for R(\tau, x)
|
||||
|
let evals_rx = EqPolynomial::new(r_x.clone()).evals();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Bounds "row" variables of (A, B, C) matrices viewed as 2d multilinear polynomials
|
||||
|
let compute_eval_table_sparse =
|
||||
|
|S: &R1CSShape<G>, rx: &[G::Scalar]| -> (Vec<G::Scalar>, Vec<G::Scalar>, Vec<G::Scalar>) {
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(rx.len(), S.num_cons);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let inner = |M: &Vec<(usize, usize, G::Scalar)>, M_evals: &mut Vec<G::Scalar>| {
|
||||
|
for (row, col, val) in M {
|
||||
|
M_evals[*col] += rx[*row] * val;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (A_evals, (B_evals, C_evals)) = rayon::join(
|
||||
|
|| {
|
||||
|
let mut A_evals: Vec<G::Scalar> = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); 2 * S.num_vars];
|
||||
|
inner(&S.A, &mut A_evals);
|
||||
|
A_evals
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
|| {
|
||||
|
rayon::join(
|
||||
|
|| {
|
||||
|
let mut B_evals: Vec<G::Scalar> = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); 2 * S.num_vars];
|
||||
|
inner(&S.B, &mut B_evals);
|
||||
|
B_evals
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
|| {
|
||||
|
let mut C_evals: Vec<G::Scalar> = vec![G::Scalar::zero(); 2 * S.num_vars];
|
||||
|
inner(&S.C, &mut C_evals);
|
||||
|
C_evals
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
)
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
(A_evals, B_evals, C_evals)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (evals_A, evals_B, evals_C) = compute_eval_table_sparse(&pk.S, &evals_rx);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(evals_A.len(), evals_B.len());
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(evals_A.len(), evals_C.len());
|
||||
|
(0..evals_A.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| r_A * evals_A[i] + r_B * evals_B[i] + r_C * evals_C[i])
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>()
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let poly_z = {
|
||||
|
z.resize(pk.S.num_vars * 2, G::Scalar::zero());
|
||||
|
z
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let comb_func = |poly_A_comp: &G::Scalar, poly_B_comp: &G::Scalar| -> G::Scalar {
|
||||
|
*poly_A_comp * *poly_B_comp
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
let (sc_proof_inner, r_y, _claims_inner) = SumcheckProof::prove_quad(
|
||||
|
&claim_inner_joint,
|
||||
|
num_rounds_y,
|
||||
|
&mut MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_ABC),
|
||||
|
&mut MultilinearPolynomial::new(poly_z),
|
||||
|
comb_func,
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let eval_W = MultilinearPolynomial::new(W.W.clone()).evaluate(&r_y[1..]);
|
||||
|
eval_W.append_to_transcript(b"eval_W", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (nifs_ip, r_U, r_W) = NIFSForInnerProduct::prove(
|
||||
|
&InnerProductInstance::new(&U.comm_E, &EqPolynomial::new(r_x).evals(), &eval_E),
|
||||
|
&InnerProductWitness::new(&W.E),
|
||||
|
&InnerProductInstance::new(
|
||||
|
&U.comm_W,
|
||||
|
&EqPolynomial::new(r_y[1..].to_vec()).evals(),
|
||||
|
&eval_W,
|
||||
|
),
|
||||
|
&InnerProductWitness::new(&W.W),
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let ipa = InnerProductArgument::prove(
|
||||
|
&pk.gens_r1cs.gens,
|
||||
|
&pk.gens_ipa,
|
||||
|
&r_U,
|
||||
|
&r_W,
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
)?;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok(RelaxedR1CSSNARK {
|
||||
|
sc_proof_outer,
|
||||
|
claims_outer: (claim_Az, claim_Bz, claim_Cz),
|
||||
|
sc_proof_inner,
|
||||
|
eval_W,
|
||||
|
eval_E,
|
||||
|
nifs_ip,
|
||||
|
ipa,
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
/// verifies a proof of satisfiability of a RelaxedR1CS instance
|
||||
|
fn verify(&self, vk: &Self::VerifierKey, U: &RelaxedR1CSInstance<G>) -> Result<(), NovaError> {
|
||||
|
let mut transcript = Transcript::new(b"RelaxedR1CSSNARK");
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// append the R1CSShape and RelaxedR1CSInstance to the transcript
|
||||
|
vk.S.append_to_transcript(b"S", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
U.append_to_transcript(b"U", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (num_rounds_x, num_rounds_y) = (
|
||||
|
(vk.S.num_cons as f64).log2() as usize,
|
||||
|
((vk.S.num_vars as f64).log2() as usize + 1) as usize,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// outer sum-check
|
||||
|
let tau = (0..num_rounds_x)
|
||||
|
.map(|_i| G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_tau", &mut transcript))
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<G::Scalar>>();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (claim_outer_final, r_x) =
|
||||
|
self
|
||||
|
.sc_proof_outer
|
||||
|
.verify(G::Scalar::zero(), num_rounds_x, 3, &mut transcript)?;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// verify claim_outer_final
|
||||
|
let (claim_Az, claim_Bz, claim_Cz) = self.claims_outer;
|
||||
|
let taus_bound_rx = EqPolynomial::new(tau).evaluate(&r_x);
|
||||
|
let claim_outer_final_expected =
|
||||
|
taus_bound_rx * (claim_Az * claim_Bz - U.u * claim_Cz - self.eval_E);
|
||||
|
if claim_outer_final != claim_outer_final_expected {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidSumcheckProof);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
self
|
||||
|
.claims_outer
|
||||
|
.0
|
||||
|
.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Az", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
self
|
||||
|
.claims_outer
|
||||
|
.1
|
||||
|
.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Bz", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
self
|
||||
|
.claims_outer
|
||||
|
.2
|
||||
|
.append_to_transcript(b"claim_Cz", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
self.eval_E.append_to_transcript(b"eval_E", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// inner sum-check
|
||||
|
let r_A = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rA", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let r_B = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rB", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let r_C = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_rC", &mut transcript);
|
||||
|
let claim_inner_joint =
|
||||
|
r_A * self.claims_outer.0 + r_B * self.claims_outer.1 + r_C * self.claims_outer.2;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (claim_inner_final, r_y) =
|
||||
|
self
|
||||
|
.sc_proof_inner
|
||||
|
.verify(claim_inner_joint, num_rounds_y, 2, &mut transcript)?;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// verify claim_inner_final
|
||||
|
let eval_Z = {
|
||||
|
let eval_X = {
|
||||
|
// constant term
|
||||
|
let mut poly_X = vec![(0, U.u)];
|
||||
|
//remaining inputs
|
||||
|
poly_X.extend(
|
||||
|
(0..U.X.len())
|
||||
|
.map(|i| (i + 1, U.X[i]))
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<(usize, G::Scalar)>>(),
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
SparsePolynomial::new((vk.S.num_vars as f64).log2() as usize, poly_X)
|
||||
|
.evaluate(&r_y[1..].to_vec())
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
(G::Scalar::one() - r_y[0]) * self.eval_W + r_y[0] * eval_X
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let evaluate_as_sparse_polynomial = |S: &R1CSShape<G>,
|
||||
|
r_x: &[G::Scalar],
|
||||
|
r_y: &[G::Scalar]|
|
||||
|
-> (G::Scalar, G::Scalar, G::Scalar) {
|
||||
|
let evaluate_with_table =
|
||||
|
|M: &[(usize, usize, G::Scalar)], T_x: &[G::Scalar], T_y: &[G::Scalar]| -> G::Scalar {
|
||||
|
(0..M.len())
|
||||
|
.map(|i| {
|
||||
|
let (row, col, val) = M[i];
|
||||
|
T_x[row] * T_y[col] * val
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
.fold(G::Scalar::zero(), |acc, x| acc + x)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let T_x = EqPolynomial::new(r_x.to_vec()).evals();
|
||||
|
let T_y = EqPolynomial::new(r_y.to_vec()).evals();
|
||||
|
let eval_A_r = evaluate_with_table(&S.A, &T_x, &T_y);
|
||||
|
let eval_B_r = evaluate_with_table(&S.B, &T_x, &T_y);
|
||||
|
let eval_C_r = evaluate_with_table(&S.C, &T_x, &T_y);
|
||||
|
(eval_A_r, eval_B_r, eval_C_r)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (eval_A_r, eval_B_r, eval_C_r) = evaluate_as_sparse_polynomial(&vk.S, &r_x, &r_y);
|
||||
|
let claim_inner_final_expected = (r_A * eval_A_r + r_B * eval_B_r + r_C * eval_C_r) * eval_Z;
|
||||
|
if claim_inner_final != claim_inner_final_expected {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidSumcheckProof);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// verify eval_W and eval_E
|
||||
|
self.eval_W.append_to_transcript(b"eval_W", &mut transcript); //eval_E is already in the transcript
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let r_U = self.nifs_ip.verify(
|
||||
|
&InnerProductInstance::new(&U.comm_E, &EqPolynomial::new(r_x).evals(), &self.eval_E),
|
||||
|
&InnerProductInstance::new(
|
||||
|
&U.comm_W,
|
||||
|
&EqPolynomial::new(r_y[1..].to_vec()).evals(),
|
||||
|
&self.eval_W,
|
||||
|
),
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
self.ipa.verify(
|
||||
|
&vk.gens_r1cs.gens,
|
||||
|
&vk.gens_ipa,
|
||||
|
max(vk.S.num_vars, vk.S.num_cons),
|
||||
|
&r_U,
|
||||
|
&mut transcript,
|
||||
|
)?;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok(())
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ |
|||||
|
use core::ops::Index;
|
||||
|
use ff::PrimeField;
|
||||
|
use rayon::prelude::*;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub struct EqPolynomial<Scalar: PrimeField> {
|
||||
|
r: Vec<Scalar>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<Scalar: PrimeField> EqPolynomial<Scalar> {
|
||||
|
pub fn new(r: Vec<Scalar>) -> Self {
|
||||
|
EqPolynomial { r }
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn evaluate(&self, rx: &[Scalar]) -> Scalar {
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(self.r.len(), rx.len());
|
||||
|
(0..rx.len())
|
||||
|
.map(|i| rx[i] * self.r[i] + (Scalar::one() - rx[i]) * (Scalar::one() - self.r[i]))
|
||||
|
.fold(Scalar::one(), |acc, item| acc * item)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn evals(&self) -> Vec<Scalar> {
|
||||
|
let ell = self.r.len();
|
||||
|
let mut evals: Vec<Scalar> = vec![Scalar::zero(); (2_usize).pow(ell as u32) as usize];
|
||||
|
let mut size = 1;
|
||||
|
evals[0] = Scalar::one();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
for r in self.r.iter().rev() {
|
||||
|
let (evals_left, evals_right) = evals.split_at_mut(size);
|
||||
|
let (evals_right, _) = evals_right.split_at_mut(size);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
evals_left
|
||||
|
.par_iter_mut()
|
||||
|
.zip(evals_right.par_iter_mut())
|
||||
|
.for_each(|(x, y)| {
|
||||
|
*y = *x * r;
|
||||
|
*x -= &*y;
|
||||
|
});
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
size *= 2;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
evals
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
#[derive(Debug)]
|
||||
|
pub struct MultilinearPolynomial<Scalar: PrimeField> {
|
||||
|
num_vars: usize, // the number of variables in the multilinear polynomial
|
||||
|
Z: Vec<Scalar>, // evaluations of the polynomial in all the 2^num_vars Boolean inputs
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<Scalar: PrimeField> MultilinearPolynomial<Scalar> {
|
||||
|
pub fn new(Z: Vec<Scalar>) -> Self {
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(Z.len(), (2_usize).pow((Z.len() as f64).log2() as u32));
|
||||
|
MultilinearPolynomial {
|
||||
|
num_vars: (Z.len() as f64).log2() as usize,
|
||||
|
Z,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn get_num_vars(&self) -> usize {
|
||||
|
self.num_vars
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
|
||||
|
self.Z.len()
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn bound_poly_var_top(&mut self, r: &Scalar) {
|
||||
|
let n = self.len() / 2;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let (left, right) = self.Z.split_at_mut(n);
|
||||
|
let (right, _) = right.split_at(n);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
left
|
||||
|
.par_iter_mut()
|
||||
|
.zip(right.par_iter())
|
||||
|
.for_each(|(a, b)| {
|
||||
|
*a += *r * (*b - *a);
|
||||
|
});
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
self.Z.resize(n, Scalar::zero());
|
||||
|
self.num_vars -= 1;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// returns Z(r) in O(n) time
|
||||
|
pub fn evaluate(&self, r: &[Scalar]) -> Scalar {
|
||||
|
// r must have a value for each variable
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(r.len(), self.get_num_vars());
|
||||
|
let chis = EqPolynomial::new(r.to_vec()).evals();
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(chis.len(), self.Z.len());
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
(0..chis.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| chis[i] * self.Z[i])
|
||||
|
.reduce(Scalar::zero, |x, y| x + y)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<Scalar: PrimeField> Index<usize> for MultilinearPolynomial<Scalar> {
|
||||
|
type Output = Scalar;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
#[inline(always)]
|
||||
|
fn index(&self, _index: usize) -> &Scalar {
|
||||
|
&(self.Z[_index])
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub struct SparsePolynomial<Scalar: PrimeField> {
|
||||
|
num_vars: usize,
|
||||
|
Z: Vec<(usize, Scalar)>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<Scalar: PrimeField> SparsePolynomial<Scalar> {
|
||||
|
pub fn new(num_vars: usize, Z: Vec<(usize, Scalar)>) -> Self {
|
||||
|
SparsePolynomial { num_vars, Z }
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
fn compute_chi(a: &[bool], r: &[Scalar]) -> Scalar {
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(a.len(), r.len());
|
||||
|
let mut chi_i = Scalar::one();
|
||||
|
for j in 0..r.len() {
|
||||
|
if a[j] {
|
||||
|
chi_i *= r[j];
|
||||
|
} else {
|
||||
|
chi_i *= Scalar::one() - r[j];
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
chi_i
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Takes O(n log n). TODO: do this in O(n) where n is the number of entries in Z
|
||||
|
pub fn evaluate(&self, r: &[Scalar]) -> Scalar {
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(self.num_vars, r.len());
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let get_bits = |num: usize, num_bits: usize| -> Vec<bool> {
|
||||
|
(0..num_bits)
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|shift_amount| ((num & (1 << (num_bits - shift_amount - 1))) > 0))
|
||||
|
.collect::<Vec<bool>>()
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
(0..self.Z.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| {
|
||||
|
let bits = get_bits(self.Z[i].0, r.len());
|
||||
|
SparsePolynomial::compute_chi(&bits, r) * self.Z[i].1
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
.reduce(Scalar::zero, |x, y| x + y)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,331 @@ |
|||||
|
#![allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
|
||||
|
#![allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
|
||||
|
use super::polynomial::MultilinearPolynomial;
|
||||
|
use crate::errors::NovaError;
|
||||
|
use crate::traits::{AppendToTranscriptTrait, ChallengeTrait, Group};
|
||||
|
use core::marker::PhantomData;
|
||||
|
use ff::Field;
|
||||
|
use merlin::Transcript;
|
||||
|
use rayon::prelude::*;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
#[derive(Debug)]
|
||||
|
pub struct SumcheckProof<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
compressed_polys: Vec<CompressedUniPoly<G>>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> SumcheckProof<G> {
|
||||
|
pub fn verify(
|
||||
|
&self,
|
||||
|
claim: G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
num_rounds: usize,
|
||||
|
degree_bound: usize,
|
||||
|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
|
||||
|
) -> Result<(G::Scalar, Vec<G::Scalar>), NovaError> {
|
||||
|
let mut e = claim;
|
||||
|
let mut r: Vec<G::Scalar> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// verify that there is a univariate polynomial for each round
|
||||
|
if self.compressed_polys.len() != num_rounds {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidSumcheckProof);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
for i in 0..self.compressed_polys.len() {
|
||||
|
let poly = self.compressed_polys[i].decompress(&e);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// verify degree bound
|
||||
|
if poly.degree() != degree_bound {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidSumcheckProof);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// check if G_k(0) + G_k(1) = e
|
||||
|
if poly.eval_at_zero() + poly.eval_at_one() != e {
|
||||
|
return Err(NovaError::InvalidSumcheckProof);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// append the prover's message to the transcript
|
||||
|
poly.append_to_transcript(b"poly", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
//derive the verifier's challenge for the next round
|
||||
|
let r_i = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_nextround", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
r.push(r_i);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// evaluate the claimed degree-ell polynomial at r_i
|
||||
|
e = poly.evaluate(&r_i);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
Ok((e, r))
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn prove_quad<F>(
|
||||
|
claim: &G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
num_rounds: usize,
|
||||
|
poly_A: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
poly_B: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
comb_func: F,
|
||||
|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
|
||||
|
) -> (Self, Vec<G::Scalar>, Vec<G::Scalar>)
|
||||
|
where
|
||||
|
F: Fn(&G::Scalar, &G::Scalar) -> G::Scalar + Sync,
|
||||
|
{
|
||||
|
let mut r: Vec<G::Scalar> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
let mut polys: Vec<CompressedUniPoly<G>> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
let mut claim_per_round = *claim;
|
||||
|
for _ in 0..num_rounds {
|
||||
|
let poly = {
|
||||
|
let len = poly_A.len() / 2;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Make an iterator returning the contributions to the evaluations
|
||||
|
let (eval_point_0, eval_point_2) = (0..len)
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| {
|
||||
|
// eval 0: bound_func is A(low)
|
||||
|
let eval_point_0 = comb_func(&poly_A[i], &poly_B[i]);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// eval 2: bound_func is -A(low) + 2*A(high)
|
||||
|
let poly_A_bound_point = poly_A[len + i] + poly_A[len + i] - poly_A[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_B_bound_point = poly_B[len + i] + poly_B[len + i] - poly_B[i];
|
||||
|
let eval_point_2 = comb_func(&poly_A_bound_point, &poly_B_bound_point);
|
||||
|
(eval_point_0, eval_point_2)
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
.reduce(
|
||||
|
|| (G::Scalar::zero(), G::Scalar::zero()),
|
||||
|
|a, b| (a.0 + b.0, a.1 + b.1),
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let evals = vec![eval_point_0, claim_per_round - eval_point_0, eval_point_2];
|
||||
|
UniPoly::from_evals(&evals)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// append the prover's message to the transcript
|
||||
|
poly.append_to_transcript(b"poly", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
//derive the verifier's challenge for the next round
|
||||
|
let r_i = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_nextround", transcript);
|
||||
|
r.push(r_i);
|
||||
|
polys.push(poly.compress());
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Set up next round
|
||||
|
claim_per_round = poly.evaluate(&r_i);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// bound all tables to the verifier's challenege
|
||||
|
poly_A.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
poly_B.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
(
|
||||
|
SumcheckProof {
|
||||
|
compressed_polys: polys,
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
r,
|
||||
|
vec![poly_A[0], poly_B[0]],
|
||||
|
)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn prove_cubic_with_additive_term<F>(
|
||||
|
claim: &G::Scalar,
|
||||
|
num_rounds: usize,
|
||||
|
poly_A: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
poly_B: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
poly_C: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
poly_D: &mut MultilinearPolynomial<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
comb_func: F,
|
||||
|
transcript: &mut Transcript,
|
||||
|
) -> (Self, Vec<G::Scalar>, Vec<G::Scalar>)
|
||||
|
where
|
||||
|
F: Fn(&G::Scalar, &G::Scalar, &G::Scalar, &G::Scalar) -> G::Scalar + Sync,
|
||||
|
{
|
||||
|
let mut r: Vec<G::Scalar> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
let mut polys: Vec<CompressedUniPoly<G>> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
let mut claim_per_round = *claim;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
for _ in 0..num_rounds {
|
||||
|
let poly = {
|
||||
|
let len = poly_A.len() / 2;
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Make an iterator returning the contributions to the evaluations
|
||||
|
let (eval_point_0, eval_point_2, eval_point_3) = (0..len)
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| {
|
||||
|
// eval 0: bound_func is A(low)
|
||||
|
let eval_point_0 = comb_func(&poly_A[i], &poly_B[i], &poly_C[i], &poly_D[i]);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// eval 2: bound_func is -A(low) + 2*A(high)
|
||||
|
let poly_A_bound_point = poly_A[len + i] + poly_A[len + i] - poly_A[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_B_bound_point = poly_B[len + i] + poly_B[len + i] - poly_B[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_C_bound_point = poly_C[len + i] + poly_C[len + i] - poly_C[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_D_bound_point = poly_D[len + i] + poly_D[len + i] - poly_D[i];
|
||||
|
let eval_point_2 = comb_func(
|
||||
|
&poly_A_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_B_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_C_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_D_bound_point,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// eval 3: bound_func is -2A(low) + 3A(high); computed incrementally with bound_func applied to eval(2)
|
||||
|
let poly_A_bound_point = poly_A_bound_point + poly_A[len + i] - poly_A[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_B_bound_point = poly_B_bound_point + poly_B[len + i] - poly_B[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_C_bound_point = poly_C_bound_point + poly_C[len + i] - poly_C[i];
|
||||
|
let poly_D_bound_point = poly_D_bound_point + poly_D[len + i] - poly_D[i];
|
||||
|
let eval_point_3 = comb_func(
|
||||
|
&poly_A_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_B_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_C_bound_point,
|
||||
|
&poly_D_bound_point,
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
(eval_point_0, eval_point_2, eval_point_3)
|
||||
|
})
|
||||
|
.reduce(
|
||||
|
|| (G::Scalar::zero(), G::Scalar::zero(), G::Scalar::zero()),
|
||||
|
|a, b| (a.0 + b.0, a.1 + b.1, a.2 + b.2),
|
||||
|
);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let evals = vec![
|
||||
|
eval_point_0,
|
||||
|
claim_per_round - eval_point_0,
|
||||
|
eval_point_2,
|
||||
|
eval_point_3,
|
||||
|
];
|
||||
|
UniPoly::from_evals(&evals)
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// append the prover's message to the transcript
|
||||
|
poly.append_to_transcript(b"poly", transcript);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
//derive the verifier's challenge for the next round
|
||||
|
let r_i = G::Scalar::challenge(b"challenge_nextround", transcript);
|
||||
|
r.push(r_i);
|
||||
|
polys.push(poly.compress());
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// Set up next round
|
||||
|
claim_per_round = poly.evaluate(&r_i);
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// bound all tables to the verifier's challenege
|
||||
|
poly_A.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
poly_B.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
poly_C.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
poly_D.bound_poly_var_top(&r_i);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
(
|
||||
|
SumcheckProof {
|
||||
|
compressed_polys: polys,
|
||||
|
},
|
||||
|
r,
|
||||
|
vec![poly_A[0], poly_B[0], poly_C[0], poly_D[0]],
|
||||
|
)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// ax^2 + bx + c stored as vec![a,b,c]
|
||||
|
// ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d stored as vec![a,b,c,d]
|
||||
|
#[derive(Debug)]
|
||||
|
pub struct UniPoly<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
coeffs: Vec<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
// ax^2 + bx + c stored as vec![a,c]
|
||||
|
// ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d stored as vec![a,c,d]
|
||||
|
#[derive(Debug)]
|
||||
|
pub struct CompressedUniPoly<G: Group> {
|
||||
|
coeffs_except_linear_term: Vec<G::Scalar>,
|
||||
|
_p: PhantomData<G>,
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> UniPoly<G> {
|
||||
|
pub fn from_evals(evals: &[G::Scalar]) -> Self {
|
||||
|
// we only support degree-2 or degree-3 univariate polynomials
|
||||
|
assert!(evals.len() == 3 || evals.len() == 4);
|
||||
|
let coeffs = if evals.len() == 3 {
|
||||
|
// ax^2 + bx + c
|
||||
|
let two_inv = G::Scalar::from(2).invert().unwrap();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let c = evals[0];
|
||||
|
let a = two_inv * (evals[2] - evals[1] - evals[1] + c);
|
||||
|
let b = evals[1] - c - a;
|
||||
|
vec![c, b, a]
|
||||
|
} else {
|
||||
|
// ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d
|
||||
|
let two_inv = G::Scalar::from(2).invert().unwrap();
|
||||
|
let six_inv = G::Scalar::from(6).invert().unwrap();
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let d = evals[0];
|
||||
|
let a = six_inv
|
||||
|
* (evals[3] - evals[2] - evals[2] - evals[2] + evals[1] + evals[1] + evals[1] - evals[0]);
|
||||
|
let b = two_inv
|
||||
|
* (evals[0] + evals[0] - evals[1] - evals[1] - evals[1] - evals[1] - evals[1]
|
||||
|
+ evals[2]
|
||||
|
+ evals[2]
|
||||
|
+ evals[2]
|
||||
|
+ evals[2]
|
||||
|
- evals[3]);
|
||||
|
let c = evals[1] - d - a - b;
|
||||
|
vec![d, c, b, a]
|
||||
|
};
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
UniPoly { coeffs }
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn degree(&self) -> usize {
|
||||
|
self.coeffs.len() - 1
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn eval_at_zero(&self) -> G::Scalar {
|
||||
|
self.coeffs[0]
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn eval_at_one(&self) -> G::Scalar {
|
||||
|
(0..self.coeffs.len())
|
||||
|
.into_par_iter()
|
||||
|
.map(|i| self.coeffs[i])
|
||||
|
.reduce(G::Scalar::zero, |a, b| a + b)
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn evaluate(&self, r: &G::Scalar) -> G::Scalar {
|
||||
|
let mut eval = self.coeffs[0];
|
||||
|
let mut power = *r;
|
||||
|
for coeff in self.coeffs.iter().skip(1) {
|
||||
|
eval += power * coeff;
|
||||
|
power *= r;
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
eval
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
pub fn compress(&self) -> CompressedUniPoly<G> {
|
||||
|
let coeffs_except_linear_term = [&self.coeffs[0..1], &self.coeffs[2..]].concat();
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(coeffs_except_linear_term.len() + 1, self.coeffs.len());
|
||||
|
CompressedUniPoly {
|
||||
|
coeffs_except_linear_term,
|
||||
|
_p: Default::default(),
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> CompressedUniPoly<G> {
|
||||
|
// we require eval(0) + eval(1) = hint, so we can solve for the linear term as:
|
||||
|
// linear_term = hint - 2 * constant_term - deg2 term - deg3 term
|
||||
|
pub fn decompress(&self, hint: &G::Scalar) -> UniPoly<G> {
|
||||
|
let mut linear_term =
|
||||
|
*hint - self.coeffs_except_linear_term[0] - self.coeffs_except_linear_term[0];
|
||||
|
for i in 1..self.coeffs_except_linear_term.len() {
|
||||
|
linear_term -= self.coeffs_except_linear_term[i];
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
let mut coeffs: Vec<G::Scalar> = Vec::new();
|
||||
|
coeffs.extend(vec![&self.coeffs_except_linear_term[0]]);
|
||||
|
coeffs.extend(vec![&linear_term]);
|
||||
|
coeffs.extend(self.coeffs_except_linear_term[1..].to_vec());
|
||||
|
assert_eq!(self.coeffs_except_linear_term.len() + 1, coeffs.len());
|
||||
|
UniPoly { coeffs }
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
impl<G: Group> AppendToTranscriptTrait for UniPoly<G> {
|
||||
|
fn append_to_transcript(&self, label: &'static [u8], transcript: &mut Transcript) {
|
||||
|
transcript.append_message(label, b"UniPoly_begin");
|
||||
|
for i in 0..self.coeffs.len() {
|
||||
|
self.coeffs[i].append_to_transcript(b"coeff", transcript);
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
transcript.append_message(label, b"UniPoly_end");
|
||||
|
}
|
||||
|
}
|
||||