add modulus switching to GLWE ciphertexts (and Zq,Rq)

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [workspace]
 members = [
     "arith",
-    "generalized-fhe",
+    "gfhe",
     "bfv",
     "ckks"
 ]

README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Implementations from scratch done while studying some FHE papers; do not use in production.
 
 - `arith`: contains $\mathbb{Z}_q$, $R_q=\mathbb{Z}_q[X]/(X^N+1)$ and $R=\mathbb{Z}[X]/(X^N+1)$ arithmetic implementations, together with the NTT implementation.
-- `generalized-fhe`: contains the structs and logic for RLWE, GLWE, GLev, GGSW, RGSW cryptosystems, which can be used by concrete FHE schemes.
+- `gfhe`: (gfhe=generalized-fhe) contains the structs and logic for RLWE, GLWE, GLev, GGSW, RGSW cryptosystems, and modulus switching and key switching methods, which can be used by concrete FHE schemes.
 - `bfv`: https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/144.pdf scheme implementation
 - `ckks`: https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/421.pdf scheme implementation
 

arith/src/ringq.rs

@@ -49,9 +49,6 @@ impl<const Q: u64, const N: usize> Ring for Rq<Q, N> {
     }
 }
 
-// TODO define a trait "PolynomialRingTrait" or similar, so that when other structs use it can just
-// use the trait and not need to add '<Q, N>' to their params
-
 impl<const Q: u64, const N: usize> From<crate::ring::R<N>> for Rq<Q, N> {
     fn from(r: crate::ring::R<N>) -> Self {
         Self::from_vec(
@@ -165,7 +162,7 @@ impl<const Q: u64, const N: usize> Rq<Q, N> {
     }
 
     /// perform the mod switch operation from Q to Q', where Q2=Q'
-    fn mod_switch<const Q2: u64>(&self) -> Rq<Q2, N> {
+    pub fn mod_switch<const Q2: u64>(&self) -> Rq<Q2, N> {
         Rq::<Q2, N> {
             coeffs: array::from_fn(|i| self.coeffs[i].mod_switch::<Q2>()),
             evals: None,

arith/src/traits.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::fmt::Debug;
 use std::iter::Sum;
 use std::ops::{Add, AddAssign, Mul, Sub, SubAssign};
 
-/// represents a ring element
+/// Represents a ring element. Currently implemented by ring.rs#R and ringq.rs#Rq.
 pub trait Ring:
     Sized
     + Add<Output = Self>
@@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ pub trait Ring:
 
     fn coeffs(&self) -> Vec<Self::C>;
     fn zero() -> Self;
-    fn rand(rng: impl Rng, dist: impl Distribution<f64>) -> Self;
     // note/wip/warning: dist (0,q) with f64, will output more '0=q' elements than other values
+    fn rand(rng: impl Rng, dist: impl Distribution<f64>) -> Self;
 }

gfhe/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [package]
-name = "generalized-fhe"
+name = "gfhe"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 

gfhe/README.md

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-# common
+# gfhe - generalized-fhe
 Contains the structs and logic for RLWE, GLWE, GLev, GGSW, RGSW cryptosystems, which can be used by concrete FHE schemes.

gfhe/src/glwe.rs

@@ -69,14 +69,22 @@ impl<const Q: u64, const N: usize, const K: usize> GLWE<Q, N, K> {
     pub fn decrypt<const T: u64>(&self, sk: &SecretKey<Q, N, K>, delta: u64) -> Rq<T, N> {
         let (d, b): (TR<Rq<Q, N>, K>, Rq<Q, N>) = (self.0.clone(), self.1);
         let r: Rq<Q, N> = b - &d * &sk.0;
-        let r_scaled: Vec<f64> = r
+        let r = r.mul_div_round(T, Q);
-            .coeffs()
+        // let r_scaled: Vec<f64> = r
-            .iter()
+        //     .coeffs()
-            .map(|e| (e.0 as f64 / delta as f64).round())
+        //     .iter()
-            .collect();
+        //     // .map(|e| (e.0 as f64 / delta as f64).round())
-        let r = Rq::<Q, N>::from_vec_f64(r_scaled);
+        //     .map(|e| e.mul_div_round(T, Q))
+        //     .collect();
+        // let r = Rq::<Q, N>::from_vec_f64(r_scaled);
         r.remodule::<T>()
     }
+
+    pub fn mod_switch<const P: u64>(&self) -> GLWE<P, N, K> {
+        let a: TR<Rq<P, N>, K> = TR(self.0 .0.iter().map(|r| r.mod_switch::<P>()).collect());
+        let b: Rq<P, N> = self.1.mod_switch::<P>();
+        GLWE(a, b)
+    }
 }
 
 impl<const Q: u64, const N: usize, const K: usize> Add<GLWE<Q, N, K>> for GLWE<Q, N, K> {
@@ -233,4 +241,43 @@ mod tests {
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_mod_switch() -> Result<()> {
+        const Q: u64 = 2u64.pow(16) + 1;
+        const P: u64 = 2u64.pow(8) + 1;
+        // note: wip, Q and P chosen so that P/Q is an integer
+        const N: usize = 8;
+        const T: u64 = 8; // plaintext modulus, must be a prime or power of a prime
+        const K: usize = 16;
+        type S = GLWE<Q, N, K>;
+
+        let delta: u64 = Q / T; // floored
+        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+
+        dbg!(P as f64 / Q as f64);
+        dbg!(delta);
+        dbg!(delta as f64 * P as f64 / Q as f64);
+        dbg!(delta as f64 * (P as f64 / Q as f64));
+
+        for _ in 0..200 {
+            let (sk, pk) = S::new_key(&mut rng)?;
+
+            let msg_dist = Uniform::new(0_u64, T);
+            let m = Rq::<T, N>::rand_u64(&mut rng, msg_dist)?;
+
+            let c = S::encrypt(&mut rng, &pk, &m, delta)?;
+
+            let c2 = c.mod_switch::<P>();
+            let sk2: SecretKey<P, N, K> =
+                SecretKey(TR(sk.0 .0.iter().map(|s_i| s_i.remodule::<P>()).collect()));
+            let delta2: u64 = ((P as f64 * delta as f64) / Q as f64).round() as u64;
+
+            let m_recovered = c2.decrypt(&sk2, delta2);
+
+            assert_eq!(m, m_recovered);
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }